Sound

Question 1

Frequency

Answer 1

khZ - determines pitch

Question 2

Amplitude

Answer 2

Height of soundwave - determines volume

Question 3

Complexity

Answer 3

Texture of soundwave - determines timbre

Question 4

Human hearing range

Answer 4

20-20,000Hz

Question 5

Human hearing range that is most sensitive

Answer 5

1,000-4,000 Hz

Question 6

Pain treshold for volume

Answer 6

about 140dB

Question 7

Pinna

Answer 7

Outer ear. The bit that sits outside the skull

Question 8

Pinna

Answer 8

Outer ear. The bit that sits outside the skull

Question 9

How big is the auditory canal?

Answer 9

3cm long, 0.6cm wide

Question 10

Ear drum

Answer 10

Tympanic membrane. Boundary between inner and middle ears.

Question 11

Three smallest bones found in human body

Answer 11

Collectively known as the ossicles. Consist of the malleus (hammer), incus (anvil) and stapes (stirrup), which hits the oval window

Question 12

Middle ear is filled with

Answer 12

Air

Question 13

Inner ear is filled with

Answer 13

fluid

Question 14

Oval window

Answer 14

Hit by the stapes. Pressure goes in oval window, out of round window.

Question 15

Three components of inner ear

Answer 15

Vestibule (entrance), Cochlea and Semicircular Canals

Question 16

Three canals in Cochlea

Answer 16

Scala vestibuli; Scala Media and Scala Tympani

Question 17

First part of cochlea to obtain acoustic input

Answer 17

Scala Vestibuli (flows back around through Scala Tympani and out of the round window)

Question 18

The membrane in between the scala vestibuli and scala media

Answer 18

Basilar Membrane

Question 19

What turns soundwaves into neural impulses?

Answer 19

The organ of corti

Question 20

What turns soundwaves into neural impulses?

Answer 20

The organ of corti

Question 21

Where on the basilar membrane are low and high frequency sounds detected?

Answer 21

Low sounds displace at the apex (wide end) where high sounds displace at the narrow end near the vestibule

Question 22

Tectorial membrane

Answer 22

Located above the basilar membrane - it is the shelf against which the cilia move

Question 23

Place theory

Answer 23

Information about different frequencies is coded by different locations on the basilar membrane

Question 24

Frequency Theory

Answer 24

Information about different frequencies is detected by the firing rate of neurons in the auditory system

Question 25

Auditory pathway

Answer 25

Ear
Cochlear nucleus
Superior Olive
Inferior Colliculus
Medial Geniculate Nucleus (in the Thalamus)
Auditory Cortex (Temporal Lobe)

Question 26

Auditory pathway

Answer 26

Ear
Cochlear nucleus
Superior Olive
Inferior Colliculus
Medial Geniculate Nucleus (in the Thalamus)
Auditory Cortex (Temporal Lobe)

Question 27

Localization of sound

Answer 27

Sound Shadow (loudest in one ear)
Time of arrival (arrives in one ear quicker)
Phase difference (out of phase)

Question 28

Under resting conditions, cilia are connected via

Answer 28

Tip Links

Question 29

Where is the first area in the brain to receive input from both ears?

Answer 29

The Superior Olive; helps to locate sound

Question 30

Where is the Primary Auditory Cortex located?

Answer 30

Temporal Lobes

Question 31

The Auditory Cortex is found in which Gyri?

Answer 31

Heschl’s Gyrus