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DIG: Biweekly 3 > Sos: Pathology of Small Intestine > Flashcards

Sos: Pathology of Small Intestine Flashcards

1
Q

make mucus and absorb water; some nutrient absorption

A

large intestine

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2
Q

how long do contents stay in small intestine

A

half a day

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3
Q

how long do contents stay in large intestine

A

a day

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4
Q

how long can contents stay in sigmoid to rectum

A

days to weeks

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5
Q

lymphoid tissue from waldeyer’s ring to the gut (GI tract lined with this)

A

GALT (gut-associated lymphoid tissue)

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6
Q

specialized antigen presenting cells that overlie peyer’s patches

A

M or microfold cells

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7
Q

where you have biggest collection of lymphocytes in distal ileum

A

peyer’s patches

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8
Q

____ lymphocytes predominate in GALT

A

B lymphocytes

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9
Q

spleen has what tissue

A

GALT

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10
Q

lamina propria lymphocytes are ___ -secreting B cells

A

IgA

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11
Q
A

lymphoid tissue

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12
Q

antigen presenting cells migrate here and antibodies produced throughout the gut are IgA

A

lymph nodes

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13
Q

function of this is a barrier to microbes and toxins

A

small intestine

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14
Q

___ is secreted from GALT

A

IgA

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15
Q

____ is secreted from Paneth cells

A

antimicrobials

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16
Q

___ is secreted from goblet cells

A

mucus

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17
Q

alkaline secretion containing electrolytes is secreted from ____

A

Crypts of Lieberkuhn

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18
Q

absorbs iron, nutrients, water, drugs

A

small intestine

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19
Q

first entry portal for iron absorption

A

duodenum

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20
Q

____ and ____ are broken down to small components absorbed in capillaries

A

carbs and proteins

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21
Q

___ are broken down and absorbed through lymphatic system

A

fats

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22
Q

___transports fats into lacteals

A

chylomicrons

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23
Q

Na+ dependent glucose absorption through

A

SGLT-1

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24
Q

fructose taken up by ____ (glut receptor)

A

GLUT5

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25
all sugars are transported to portal system by _____ (glut receptor)
GLUT2
26
mucosa associated lymphoid tissue; also gut associated lymphoid tissue
MALT and GALT
27
_____ in stomach is most commonly associated with H. pylori
Malt Lymphoma
28
low grade non-hodgkin lymphoma
Malt Lymphoma
29
B cell lymphoma
Malt Lymphoma
30
Sjogren's and Hashimoto's thyroiditis can lead to this
malt lymphoma
31
surface marker on lymphocytes and binds to B cells
CD20
32
Malt lymphoma (too many peyers patches)
33
autoimmune disease targeting gliadin
Celiac Disease
34
associated with dermatitis herpetiformis
celiac disease
35
histopathologic findings: damage to small intestine villi mostly in duodenum and proximal jejunum
celiac disease
36
has an increased risk of T-cell lymphoma
celiac disease
37
celiac
38
celiac disease
39
dermatitis herpetiformis
40
A rare pruritic chronic skin blistering disease associated with a gluten allergy and at high risk of developing celiac disease
dermatitis herpetiformis
41
Microabscesses at the tips of dermal papillae with granular deposits of IgA against gliadin M>F (20s-30s)
dermatitis herpetiformis
42
cause unknown rare malabsorption disease damage to villi prominent in jejunum and ileum
Tropical Sprue
43
damage to villi with this disorder prominent in duodenum
celiac disease
44
responds to antibiotics unlike celiac, which will respond to gluten free diet
tropical sprue
45
rare neuroendocrine tumor found most commonly in the appendix (but can be found anywhere in intestines)
Carcinoid tumor
46
can be part of MEN 1 or 2
Carcinoid tumor
47
main sx is diarrhea (Rx w/ Octreotide)
carcinoid tumor
48
occurs when a tumor produces too much serotonin, which is released into the bloodstream. This can happen when a neuroendocrine tumor (NET) metastasizes to the liver, which interferes with the liver's ability to process serotonin
carcinoid syndrome
49
IHC marker for carcinoid tumor
Chromogranin A (CgA)
50
small intestine
51
rosette formation in carcinoid tumor
52
carcinoid tumor
53
Physical loss or functional loss of a portion of the small/large intestine; reduced ability to absorb nutrients, minerals, trace elements, vitamins and water
short bowel syndrome
54
can lead to malnutrition and weight loss
short bowel syndrome
55
occurs after a gastric bypass allowing food to move too quickly into small intestine
dumping syndrome
56
GLP-2 analogue that is used to treat short bowel syndrome
Teduglutide
57
water and alcohol absorbed where
the stomach
58
iron and vitamins A,D, E, K absorbed where
duodenum
59
water soluble vitamins absorbed where
jejunum
60
bile salts and bile acids absorbed where
Ileum
61
farmers who work around sewage water; bacterial infection that causes multi-system disorder
Whipple Disease
62
Tropheryma whippelii are ingested by macrophages and occupy the ____ in Whipple Disease
lamina propria
63
patient develops steatorrhea b/c chylomicrons cant be transported to lacteals
Whipple Disease
64
microbes filling lamina propria (ground glass looking)
Whipple Disease
65
commonly caused by atherosclerosis or a clot
occlusion of SMA
66
dead bowel due to occlusion
occlusion of SMA
67
necrosis of tissue can lead to peritonititis
Ischemic bowel
68
Ischemic bowel
69
what do you see in acute inflammation (24 hours)
neutrophils
70
what do you see in chronic inflammation (48 hours)
macrophages
71
what do you see w/ days of inflammation
granulation tissue
72
perforation of bowel can lead to ___
peritonitis
73
inflammation/infection of the peritoneum
peritonitis
74
peritonitis (rupture of serosa)
75
ICCs arise from c-KIT that give rise to _____
GIST (gastrointestinal stromal tumor)
76
Rare benign or malignant stromal tumors most commonly found in the submucosa of stomach or small intestine
GIST
77
GIST
78
stain with _____ to confirm GIST
CD117
79
GIST

DIG: Biweekly 3 (12 decks)

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