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DIG: Biweekly 3 > Sos: Pathology of Small Intestine > Flashcards

Sos: Pathology of Small Intestine Flashcards

1
Q

make mucus and absorb water; some nutrient absorption

A

large intestine

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2
Q

how long do contents stay in small intestine

A

half a day

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3
Q

how long do contents stay in large intestine

A

a day

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4
Q

how long can contents stay in sigmoid to rectum

A

days to weeks

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5
Q

lymphoid tissue from waldeyer’s ring to the gut (GI tract lined with this)

A

GALT (gut-associated lymphoid tissue)

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6
Q

specialized antigen presenting cells that overlie peyer’s patches

A

M or microfold cells

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7
Q

where you have biggest collection of lymphocytes in distal ileum

A

peyer’s patches

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8
Q

____ lymphocytes predominate in GALT

A

B lymphocytes

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9
Q

spleen has what tissue

A

GALT

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10
Q

lamina propria lymphocytes are ___ -secreting B cells

A

IgA

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11
Q
A

lymphoid tissue

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12
Q

antigen presenting cells migrate here and antibodies produced throughout the gut are IgA

A

lymph nodes

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13
Q

function of this is a barrier to microbes and toxins

A

small intestine

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14
Q

___ is secreted from GALT

A

IgA

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15
Q

____ is secreted from Paneth cells

A

antimicrobials

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16
Q

___ is secreted from goblet cells

A

mucus

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17
Q

alkaline secretion containing electrolytes is secreted from ____

A

Crypts of Lieberkuhn

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18
Q

absorbs iron, nutrients, water, drugs

A

small intestine

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19
Q

first entry portal for iron absorption

A

duodenum

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20
Q

____ and ____ are broken down to small components absorbed in capillaries

A

carbs and proteins

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21
Q

___ are broken down and absorbed through lymphatic system

A

fats

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22
Q

___transports fats into lacteals

A

chylomicrons

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23
Q

Na+ dependent glucose absorption through

A

SGLT-1

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24
Q

fructose taken up by ____ (glut receptor)

A

GLUT5

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25
Q

all sugars are transported to portal system by _____ (glut receptor)

A

GLUT2

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26
Q

mucosa associated lymphoid tissue; also gut associated lymphoid tissue

A

MALT and GALT

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27
Q

_____ in stomach is most commonly associated with H. pylori

A

Malt Lymphoma

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28
Q

low grade non-hodgkin lymphoma

A

Malt Lymphoma

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29
Q

B cell lymphoma

A

Malt Lymphoma

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30
Q

Sjogren’s and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis can lead to this

A

malt lymphoma

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31
Q

surface marker on lymphocytes and binds to B cells

A

CD20

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32
Q
A

Malt lymphoma (too many peyers patches)

33
Q

autoimmune disease targeting gliadin

A

Celiac Disease

34
Q

associated with dermatitis herpetiformis

A

celiac disease

35
Q

histopathologic findings: damage to small intestine villi mostly in duodenum and proximal jejunum

A

celiac disease

36
Q

has an increased risk of T-cell lymphoma

A

celiac disease

37
Q
38
Q
A

celiac disease

39
Q
A

dermatitis herpetiformis

40
Q

A rare pruritic chronic skin blistering disease associated with a gluten allergy and at high risk of developing celiac disease

A

dermatitis herpetiformis

41
Q

Microabscesses at the tips of dermal papillae with granular deposits of IgA against gliadin
M>F (20s-30s)

A

dermatitis herpetiformis

42
Q

cause unknown
rare malabsorption disease
damage to villi prominent in jejunum and ileum

A

Tropical Sprue

43
Q

damage to villi with this disorder prominent in duodenum

A

celiac disease

44
Q

responds to antibiotics unlike celiac, which will respond to gluten free diet

A

tropical sprue

45
Q

rare neuroendocrine tumor found most commonly in the appendix (but can be found anywhere in intestines)

A

Carcinoid tumor

46
Q

can be part of MEN 1 or 2

A

Carcinoid tumor

47
Q

main sx is diarrhea (Rx w/ Octreotide)

A

carcinoid tumor

48
Q

occurs when a tumor produces too much serotonin, which is released into the bloodstream. This can happen when a neuroendocrine tumor (NET) metastasizes to the liver, which interferes with the liver’s ability to process serotonin

A

carcinoid syndrome

49
Q

IHC marker for carcinoid tumor

A

Chromogranin A (CgA)

50
Q
A

small intestine

51
Q
A

rosette formation in carcinoid tumor

52
Q
A

carcinoid tumor

53
Q

Physical loss or functional loss of a portion of the small/large intestine; reduced ability to absorb nutrients, minerals, trace elements, vitamins and water

A

short bowel syndrome

54
Q

can lead to malnutrition and weight loss

A

short bowel syndrome

55
Q

occurs after a gastric bypass allowing food to move too quickly into small intestine

A

dumping syndrome

56
Q

GLP-2 analogue that is used to treat short bowel syndrome

A

Teduglutide

57
Q

water and alcohol absorbed where

A

the stomach

58
Q

iron and vitamins A,D, E, K absorbed where

59
Q

water soluble vitamins absorbed where

60
Q

bile salts and bile acids absorbed where

61
Q

farmers who work around sewage water; bacterial infection that causes multi-system disorder

A

Whipple Disease

62
Q

Tropheryma whippelii are ingested by macrophages and occupy the ____ in Whipple Disease

A

lamina propria

63
Q

patient develops steatorrhea b/c chylomicrons cant be transported to lacteals

A

Whipple Disease

64
Q

microbes filling lamina propria (ground glass looking)

A

Whipple Disease

65
Q

commonly caused by atherosclerosis or a clot

A

occlusion of SMA

66
Q

dead bowel due to occlusion

A

occlusion of SMA

67
Q

necrosis of tissue
can lead to peritonititis

A

Ischemic bowel

68
Q
A

Ischemic bowel

69
Q

what do you see in acute inflammation (24 hours)

A

neutrophils

70
Q

what do you see in chronic inflammation (48 hours)

A

macrophages

71
Q

what do you see w/ days of inflammation

A

granulation tissue

72
Q

perforation of bowel can lead to ___

A

peritonitis

73
Q

inflammation/infection of the peritoneum

A

peritonitis

74
Q
A

peritonitis (rupture of serosa)

75
Q

ICCs arise from c-KIT that give rise to _____

A

GIST (gastrointestinal stromal tumor)

76
Q

Rare benign or malignant stromal tumors most commonly found in the submucosa of stomach or small intestine

78
Q

stain with _____ to confirm GIST

DIG: Biweekly 3 (12 decks)

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