Parasitology ILA

Question 1

______ intestinal infections are commonly transmitted through contaminated food and water

Answer 1

protozoan

Question 2

usual route of transmission for protozoan GI infections

Answer 2

fecal-oral

Question 3

sx’s include mild to severe diarrhea; nutritional deficiencies if small bowel affected

Answer 3

protozoan GI infection

Question 4

part of protozoan life cycle where its passed in feces and infective

Answer 4

cyst

Question 5

part of protozoan life cycle that involves feeding, motility, and replication

Answer 5

trophozoite

Question 6

transmission through oocytes and GI-localized infection; handling of farm animals and feces

Answer 6

Cryptosporidium species

Question 7

can spread by working on farms or daycares; causes watery diarrhea

Answer 7

Cryptosporidium species

Question 8

fecal-oral transmission
detect by trophozoites in blood engulfed in RBCs or cysts in stool

Answer 8

Entamoeba histolytica

Question 9

has a wide spectrum of infection from asymptomatic to severe (GI localized and extraintestinal)

Answer 9

Entamoeba histolytica

Question 10

flask shaped ulcers in colon
bloody diarrhea
liver abscess

Answer 10

Entamoeba histolytica

Question 11

Rx Entamoeba histolytica infection:

Answer 11

Metronizadole (produces free radicals that inhibits bacterial/protozoa DNA synthesis)

Question 12

found in fecally contaminated surfaces or in water
found as cyst or trophozoite

Answer 12

Giardia

Question 13

Common with hikers/backpackers who drink from contaminated streams/bodies of water; GI localized infection

Answer 13

Giardia

Question 14

sx’s include: Nausea, bloating, flatulence, foul smelling, fatty diarrhea, non-bloody

Answer 14

Giardia

Question 15

to Rx Giardia infection:

Answer 15

Metronidazole

Question 16

Answer 16

Giardia

Question 17

acquired from pets, walking barefoot, swimming in a pool with untreated water

Answer 17

helminth parasites of GI

Question 18

sx’s include: Fever, itchy bottom, worms in stool

Answer 18

helminth parasites of GI

Question 19

Causative agent: Strongyloides stercoralis

Answer 19

threadworm

Question 20

Larvae from soil are able to penetrate skin.
Adults and larvae visible in feces.

Answer 20

threadworm

Question 21

Rx threadworm infection:

Answer 21

Ivermectin (affects glutamate channels)
Bendazoles (depolymerizes tubulin)

Question 22

Causative agents:
Ancylostoma duodenale (Old World)
Necator americanus (New World)

Answer 22

hookworms (ancyclostomiasis)

Question 23

Eggs pass with the feces from infected animals
Larvae in soil penetrate skin, usually through hair follicles

Answer 23

hookworms

Question 24

Dermatitis at penetration site (can enter through hair follicles!)

Answer 24

hookworms

Question 25

GI discomfort may follow after larvae coughed up, swallowed

Answer 25

hookworms

Question 26

Rx hookworm infection

Answer 26

albendazole

Question 27

Eggs can be detected by pressing scotch tape near anus (tape test)

Answer 27

Enterobiasis (pinworms)

Question 28

Itchiness around anus, sometimes the vagina

Answer 28

Enterobiasis (pinworms)

Question 29

how to prevent spread of enterobiasis (pinworms)

Answer 29

every household member must be treat (bendazoles)

Question 30

fecal-oral transmission large intestinal parasite

Answer 30

Ascariasis

Question 31

cause ileocecal valve, biliary obstruction, bowel perforation

Answer 31

Ascariasis

Question 32

Rx Ascariasis infection

Answer 32

Bendazoles

Question 33

Eating undercooked pork or other rodents Live in cysts of the muscle

Answer 33

Trichinosis

Question 34

Rx Trichinosis

Answer 34

Bendazoles

Question 35

causative agent: Trichuris trichiura whip-like shape sometimes no sx's

Answer 35

whipworm

Question 36

Rx whipworm

Answer 36

Bendazoles

Question 37

Ingestion of undercooked pork with embedded cysts

Answer 37

Cysticercosis

Question 38

Causative agent for infection from undercooked pork: Taenia solium

Answer 38

tapeworms

Question 39

main symptom of tapeworm infection

Answer 39

weight loss

Question 40

Rx tapeworm:

Answer 40

Praziquantel (Ca2+ influx into muscle pf worm and paralysis)