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DIG: Biweekly 3 > Parasitology ILA > Flashcards

Parasitology ILA Flashcards

1
Q

______ intestinal infections are commonly transmitted through contaminated food and water

A

protozoan

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2
Q

usual route of transmission for protozoan GI infections

A

fecal-oral

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3
Q

sx’s include mild to severe diarrhea; nutritional deficiencies if small bowel affected

A

protozoan GI infection

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4
Q

part of protozoan life cycle where its passed in feces and infective

A

cyst

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5
Q

part of protozoan life cycle that involves feeding, motility, and replication

A

trophozoite

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6
Q

transmission through oocytes and GI-localized infection; handling of farm animals and feces

A

Cryptosporidium species

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7
Q

can spread by working on farms or daycares; causes watery diarrhea

A

Cryptosporidium species

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8
Q

fecal-oral transmission
detect by trophozoites in blood engulfed in RBCs or cysts in stool

A

Entamoeba histolytica

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9
Q

has a wide spectrum of infection from asymptomatic to severe (GI localized and extraintestinal)

A

Entamoeba histolytica

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10
Q

flask shaped ulcers in colon
bloody diarrhea
liver abscess

A

Entamoeba histolytica

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11
Q

Rx Entamoeba histolytica infection:

A

Metronizadole (produces free radicals that inhibits bacterial/protozoa DNA synthesis)

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12
Q

found in fecally contaminated surfaces or in water
found as cyst or trophozoite

A

Giardia

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13
Q

Common with hikers/backpackers who drink from contaminated streams/bodies of water; GI localized infection

A

Giardia

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14
Q

sx’s include: Nausea, bloating, flatulence, foul smelling, fatty diarrhea, non-bloody

A

Giardia

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15
Q

to Rx Giardia infection:

A

Metronidazole

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16
Q
A

Giardia

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17
Q

acquired from pets, walking barefoot, swimming in a pool with untreated water

A

helminth parasites of GI

18
Q

sx’s include: Fever, itchy bottom, worms in stool

A

helminth parasites of GI

19
Q

Causative agent: Strongyloides stercoralis

A

threadworm

20
Q

Larvae from soil are able to penetrate skin.
Adults and larvae visible in feces.

A

threadworm

21
Q

Rx threadworm infection:

A

Ivermectin (affects glutamate channels)
Bendazoles (depolymerizes tubulin)

22
Q

Causative agents:
Ancylostoma duodenale (Old World)
Necator americanus (New World)

A

hookworms (ancyclostomiasis)

23
Q

Eggs pass with the feces from infected animals
Larvae in soil penetrate skin, usually through hair follicles

A

hookworms

24
Q

Dermatitis at penetration site (can enter through hair follicles!)

A

hookworms

25
Q

GI discomfort may follow after larvae coughed up, swallowed

A

hookworms

26
Q

Rx hookworm infection

A

albendazole

27
Q

Eggs can be detected by pressing scotch tape near anus (tape test)

A

Enterobiasis (pinworms)

28
Q

Itchiness around anus, sometimes the vagina

A

Enterobiasis (pinworms)

29
Q

how to prevent spread of enterobiasis (pinworms)

A

every household member must be treat (bendazoles)

30
Q

fecal-oral transmission
large intestinal parasite

A

Ascariasis

31
Q

cause ileocecal valve, biliary obstruction, bowel perforation

A

Ascariasis

32
Q

Rx Ascariasis infection

A

Bendazoles

33
Q

Eating undercooked pork or other rodents
Live in cysts of the muscle

A

Trichinosis

34
Q

Rx Trichinosis

A

Bendazoles

35
Q

causative agent: Trichuris trichiura
whip-like shape
sometimes no sx’s

A

whipworm

36
Q

Rx whipworm

A

Bendazoles

37
Q

Ingestion of undercooked pork with embedded cysts

A

Cysticercosis

38
Q

Causative agent for infection from undercooked pork:
Taenia solium

A

tapeworms

39
Q

main symptom of tapeworm infection

A

weight loss

40
Q

Rx tapeworm:

A

Praziquantel (Ca2+ influx into muscle pf worm and paralysis)

DIG: Biweekly 3 (12 decks)

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