SOP Operational directives and company procedures

Question 1

REPORTING FOR DUTY

Answer 1

Report time at home base CYHU is 1h prior to departure

Question 2

NO SMOKING (VAPING) POLICY

Answer 2

Request passenger to stop smoking - Ensure it is safely extinguished

Question 3

ESSENTIAL DOCUMENTS

Answer 3

Aircraft Logbook: signed prior to flight
Airworthiness certificate
Immatriculation certificate
Insurance contract
Not mandatory but important: iPad updated and charged 50%

Question 4

CREW MEMBER’S DUTIES

Answer 4

Capt or FO: Walk-around, Flight Log, W&B
Capt: Preflight paperwork, ensure airworthiness, fuel load, anticipate delays
FO: Complete assigned work by Capt
All Flight Crew should arrive 30min prior to departure:
Cockpit preparation, ATIS&Clearance, W&B sent to dispatch before start engines

Question 5

SAFE MOVEMENT OF PASSENGERS

Answer 5

In case there’s no ramp agents, Capt responsible of passengers moves on apron

Question 6

DOOR CLOSING

Answer 6

Aircraft doors will close when:
-all passengers are seated
-all carry-on baggage stowed properly
-cockpit door closed
In-Charge advises Capt of the passenger count so W&B will be adjusted
In-Charge to Flight Deck:”Clear for the Door?”
Capt turns Seatbelt sign On:”Cleared for the Door”, close cockpit door
Right engine could start in accordance with FA and ground crew
Left engine could start only if cargo+main door are closed (light Off)

Question 7

PASSENGER SAFETY BRIEFING

Answer 7

After boarding: FA will perform safety briefing
Capt announcement: Appreciated when time permit
Before T/O: FA to Flight Deck:”Cabin Secure”

Question 8

RADIO/NAV PROCEDURES

Answer 8

Com1: ATC - Com2: Company/ATIS (121.5 en-route)
FO handles comm on the ground
PNF handles comm in the air
If PF hand-flying, he asks PNF to do NAV radio-tuning & GPS setup
If AP On, PF can do NAV radio-tuning and PNF X-check
In all cases, the pilot tuning radios will anounce changes to the other

Question 9

AIRCRAFT CALL SIGN

Answer 9

Flight Number is precceded by PASCAN (PASCAN340)
ATC-letter designator is P6 (P6340)

Question 10

GATE / PARKING PROCEDURES

Answer 10

To reposition the aircraft at the gate, only taxiing with 2 qualified persons in cockpit
To enter the aircraft at the gate/parking, 1 ground marshaller must be present
If winds>10kts, aircraft should be parked into the wind (call Marshall to request it)

Question 11

RVR REQUEST

Answer 11

If reported visibility<1/2SM, RVR should be checked prior to engine start
Check AERODROME LEVEL OF SERVICE in CFS & Flow charts in Normal QRH

Question 12

FLIGHT DIRECTOR / AUTOPILOT USAGE

Answer 12

Maximum use FD/AP recommended but AP OFF during:
T/O, before LDG and Go-Around
AP ON after T/O. Basic FD/AP mode: HDG/IAS
New active modes and armed modes should be call

PF can engage AP without requesting PNF:”Autopilot ON”

-In non-icing conditions VS, CLIMB, IAS may be used.
If VS used, special attention must be paid to IAS (keep a speed margin to stall)
-In icing conditions IAS is the ONLY mode to use.
With HALF BANK in turns but ATC must be advised

Minimum Use Heights:
-During take−off or go−around: 200 ft AGL
-During coupled approach: 80 ft AGL
Following an engine failure disconnect AP and re−trim before re−engagement of AP

When AP used, PF should handle all mode selections
When FD used, PF order mode selections to PNF

If FD commands are suspects, turn Off AP/FD and fly Raw Data

Question 13

YAW DAMPER USAGE

Answer 13

YD OFF during: T/O, before LDG and Go-Around
YD ON after lift/off

Question 14

PUSH BACK

Answer 14

FO obtains the clearance or announce the push-back on frequency
Capt will give the crew appropriate signals, release brakes at ground crew signals
Before Start Check should be completed (Batt On, Hydr Pump Auto 2100Psi)
“Retainer” of nose gear pin must be installed (Ground handling switch Off) before push-back and removed after push-back

-Normal Procedure: Start One engine on GPU & disconnect GPU prior to push back, Second engine started using cross-over start. Conditions Levers on START (Feather)
-Always wait for ground signal before starting any engine

Power Backs will NOT be done under normal operations:
-If no other alternative, slow-backing is permitted: NWS depressed, Reverse Power
-Stop backing advancing Power Levers. But do NOT use Wheel Brakes

Question 15

RECOMMENDED GROUND POWER UNIT

Answer 15

GPU output 1400-1600Amps. When output<1400Amps, start with batt&X-generator

Question 16

TAXI OUT

Answer 16

Mandatory to report intentions on MF/ATF before entering maneuvering area
Make the call before moving from gate
Minimum Power while taxiing on slush or wet snow
After a push-back, get visual confirmation of by-pass pin removed before taxiing

Question 17

INTERSECTION TAKEOFF

Answer 17

Intersection T/O approved provided runway performance calculations are made

Question 18

TURNS AFTER TAKEOFF

Answer 18

Turns NOT permitted below 400AGL during day/1000AGL during night
Unless specified in CAP departure instructions or ATC request a turn as soon as safety permit it

Question 19

ENGINE OUT DEPARTURE PROCEDURE

Answer 19

Engine Out Departure Procedure (EODP) is published with the Runway Analysis
EODP MUST be followed in case of an engine failure after T/O in IFR conditions, regardless of what a SID says. An EODP becomes an Engine-Out SID or EOSID

Question 20

INITIAL CLIMB

Answer 20

After T/O flow completed once above 400AGL (or obstacle clearance altitude)
PF:”Climb Power-After T/O Check”
Departure Control MUST be contacted after After T/O Flow BUT before reading After T/O Check

Question 21

CONTACTING OPERATIONS AFTER TAKEOFF

Answer 21

No rush to contact Operations after T/O to give the times.
Once 10 000ft, when less workload, PNF advises Operations of Out/Off Times&ETA
Sterile cockpit to 10 000ft. Papework completed during cruise

Question 22

TREND MONITORING

Answer 22

-Altimeter readings corrected to pressure altitude
-Cruise Power with TQ matched
-Stabilize cruise altitude for 5minutes. Do NOT reset or readjust if settings vary a bit
-Auxiliary Power loading to Standard:
Bleed Air On
Generators On (Normal load)
Engine anti-ice On, Prop de-ice Off, Airframe de-ice Off
-Record readings in the shortest time (5min), instruments viewed straight-on (reduce parallax errors)

Question 23

DESCENT

Answer 23

-Descent&Approach checks completed below FL180, before 10 000ft
-Seatbelt Sign On at 10 000ft to notify cabin crew descent has started
-PNF request descent from ATC at PF request
-Sterile cockpit in effect through 10 000ft and descending
-Standard descent initiated at a distance equal to 3 times the height above airport (≃1500fpm adjusted for wind and ATC)
-Speed in descent: Just below Vmo in smooth air (Severe turbulence: 190kts)
-Uncontrolled airspce, PNF make an advisory call on 126,7 and on MF/ATF
-All conflicts with other aircraft must be resolved before changing frequencies
-When in range, PNF contact destination station with ETA, parking, fuel required

Question 24

SINGLE ENGINE APPROACHES

Answer 24

In a OEI, flight should be terminated at the nearest suitable airport. Consideration taken to weather and airport facilities.
VFR traffic patterns: Gear&Flaps (>Flaps 15) NOT extended until landing is assured
IFR approaches flown as with 2 engines, except Flaps 20 MAX
Important: Heavy weight+Gear Down+LDG Flaps need MORE than full power to stay level at a constant altitude

Question 25

WIND LIMITS

Answer 25

Winds>40kts and aircraft loaded aft C.G (aft of 30%MAC), risk of aircraft tipping onto its tail if flight control check stationary with brakes applied. Maintain gust lock engaged when brakes applied, flight control check done during taxi to final line up.

Winds>50kts and aircraft loaded fully aft C.G, risk of aircraft tipping onto its tail when Condition Levers moved to MAX and elevator position is in neutral.

Question 26

OPERATING ON RUNWAY SURFACES WITH BRAKING ACTION LESS THAN GOOD

Answer 26

-Avoid tailwind component as much as possible
-Make normal approach with correct threshold speed
-A positive touchdown helps start wheel rotation and may prevent hydroplaning
-Lower nose wheel onto the runway as soon as possible
-Apply reverse power and if risk for hydroplaning use brakes below hydroplaning speed (95kts)
NOTE: With antiskid system, to turn on the ground, it’s necessary to release the presssure on the opposite pedal to which the turn is desired

Question 27

UNPAVED / GRAVEL RUNWAY OPERATIONS

Answer 27

To avoid damages, use a gravel protection kit
Walk-around: check landing gears and deflectors, hydraulic brakes swivels for leaks
Taxiing, use minimum power, avoid abrupt power increases
NO Reverse power permitted

Question 28

WHEEL BRAKE COOLING

Answer 28

Brake cooling system prevents wheel/brake damage during rejected takeoffs, even at high energy levels. Thermal fuses protect tires from exploding by deflating them if overheated.
After Landing: Ensure turnaround time meets brake cooling time from the Brake Cooling Chart.
After Rejected Takeoff (RTO):
-Leave runway ASAP. High-speed/weight RTOs can cause tire deflation.
-Deflated tires require maintenance replacement.
-If tires are inflated:
-Cool brakes for the minimum time specified in the Brake Cooling Chart.
-If RTO energy is in the “CAUTION” or “WARNING ZONE,” visually inspect wheels, brakes, and tires for damage.
-High-energy RTOs require maintenance inspection before the next takeoff. Low-energy RTOs need visual inspection and brake function check.
Caution: Approach main gear cautiously from front or rear only. After high-energy RTOs, wait 30 minutes or until thermal plugs melt before approaching.

Question 29

BOARDING PASSENGERS WITH ONE ENGINE RUNNING

Answer 29

Single-engine boarding is preferred, with right engine running only. Strict safety rules:
- Park aircraft to prevent passengers walking near running engine.
- Ground crew guards running engine and communicates with captain.
- Ground crew guides passengers to/from aircraft.
- At least one flight deck crew remains in seat with communication On.

Question 30

POST FLIGHT DUTIES

Answer 30

Captain:
-Complete and sign aircraft journey log.
-Report any operational issues (weather, violations, incidents, etc.).
-Debrief crew.
First Officer:
-Assist captain as needed.
-Complete aircraft closing procedures if required.
Both Crew Members:
-Email pictures of log pages, fuel bills, and any operational invoices to designated addresses.

Question 31

FLIGHT IN SEVERE TURBULENCE

Answer 31

Avoid severe turbulence if possible. If not:
-Secure aircraft and cabin: Seatbelt Sign On and announcement
-Fly at penetration speed (190kts below 21,000ft, VMO-30kts above).
-Minimize power changes.
-Do NOT use IAS or ALT modes. Use autopilot in VS/HDG mode, if possible.
-Be ready for autopilot disconnect.
-If hand-flying, use YD, fly attitude (and NOT altitude), and don’t change pitch trim.

Question 32

AIRCRAFT CRITICAL SURFACE CONTAMINATION

Answer 32

T/O are prohibited when ice, frost, or snow adheres to critical aircraft surfaces.
Inspection & Removal:
-Pilot-in-Command or designated crew member, or trained company representative must inspect the aircraft.
-Any contamination found must be completely removed before flight.
-Cabin crew and passengers will be informed of de-icing/anti-icing procedures.
-Follow Ground Icing Operations Manual for de/anti-icing.
Important Considerations:
-Contamination affects aircraft performance, impacting climb and ceiling.
-Failure to remove contamination can lead to aerodynamic disturbances, structural damage, and reduced takeoff/climb performance.
-Check prone areas (forward part of flaps, stabilizer/elevator gap) for hidden contamination.
-If a clean aircraft cannot be assured, cancel or postpone the flight.
NOTE: If deicing is required, Capt advises cabin crew and a PA shall be made by either flight crew members to inform passengers.

Question 33

FLIGHT IN ICING CONDITIONS

Answer 33

All SAAB 340B aircraft have an ICE SPD button for icing conditions.
ICE SPD System:
-Activate when icing is present or uncertain.
-Don’t activate below ice speeds (Vclean + 30 or landing reference speed with ice increment).
-If selected before takeoff:
-Trip level change inhibited for 6 minutes after liftoff.
-If engine failure occurs, accelerate to Vclean + 30 after the second segment.
-If selected on ground, clear all obstacles within the second segment.

Icing Conditions:
-Minimum speed: 160 KIAS (clean configuration).
-Don’t rely on visual cues for engine anti-ice or de-icing boots. Use temperature and moisture criteria.
-Turn on engine anti-ice early and leave on for 5 minutes after exiting icing conditions.
-Takeoff with ECS and engine anti-ice ON is prohibited.
-In icing conditions with AP in vertical mode during climb, use IAS mode.
-Turn on propeller de-ice ONLY if ice accumulates and temperature is below -5°C:
- Temperatures -5 °C to -12 °C SAT ………………………….NORM
- Temperatures -13 °C SAT and colder………………………..MAX
-Increased propeller RPM improves ice shedding. Use max RPM in severe icing.
-Operate BOOT DE-ICE as needed to minimize ice accumulation:
-Operate in CONT mode or manually if ice build-up exceeds 5mm between cycles.
-In severe icing, operate manually between CONT cycles.
-Continue use until clear of icing conditions.
-Use Flaps up ONLY for holding in icing conditions.
-For boot de-ice on final approach, use MANUAL or ONE CYCLE. Do NOT use CONT mode. Complete before landing.
-If abnormal trim changes or control forces occur during/after flap extension, retract flaps immediately to previous position

Minimum Speeds in Icing Conditions:
-Vref 20 + 25 for Flaps 20
-Vref 35 + 20 for Flaps 35
-Not less than 1.5 times stall speed in any configuration

Optimum Procedures:
-Add Vref increments for ice and possible wind to normal Vref.
-For enroute operation in icing conditions, use Vclean + 30 for optimum climb performance.
-For maneuvering, use VMM or VCM for icing conditions.
-After landing in heavy icing, do not retract flaps. Check forward part of flaps prior retraction to avoid damages.

Question 34

FLIGHT DECK SECURITY

Answer 34

Flight Deck Security:
-Communication: Primarily via interphone, PA for urgent messages:
“In-Charge communicate with the flight deck”
-Loss of Communication: Pilots check every 20 minutes, land if no contact.
-Code Words: Used for flight deck access, changed frequently.
-Unruly Passengers/Unlawful Interference: Notify Captain via interphone.
Flight Deck Access:
-Permitted Persons: Crew, inspectors, authorized personnel.
-CASIs: Have free access with ID.
-Company Check Pilots: Have free access.
-Captain’s Authority: Can refuse access.
-Alcohol: Not allowed on flight deck.
-Identity Verification: Required for entry.
Flight Deck Observer Seat:
-Eligibility: Permitted persons, subject to conditions.
-Priority: CASIs, check pilots, dispatchers, technicians, management, deadheading crew.
-Additional Crew Travel (ADC): For specific purposes, requires authorization.
-Briefing: Required for occupants.
Flight Deck Door:
-Policy: Locked after takeoff, opened only for specific reasons.
-Overriding Safety Concerns: Allow for opening.
-Procedures: Verify identity, check for threats.
Security Personnel:
-Canadian Peace Officers: Can carry unloaded firearm with proper ID and notification.
-Foreign Peace Officers: No firearms unless granted special authority.
-Bodyguards: No firearms.
Carriage of Firearms & Weapons:
-Restrictions: No weapons in cabin, flight deck, or accessible areas.
-Firearms: Unloaded in checked baggage with notification, Canadian Peace Officers can carry unloaded firearms on duty.
-Ammunition: Allowed in checked baggage with restrictions.
-Explosives: Not allowed unless part of aircraft equipment.
Exceptions for Armed Canadian Peace Officer:
-Conditions: On duty, requires access, notifies company.
-Responsibilities: Officer and company have specific responsibilities.

Question 35

REFUELLING WITH PASSENGERS ON BOARD

Answer 35

Aircraft refueling with passengers is allowed if:
-Cockpit door is open for communication.
-Crew notified of refueling start/end.
-Engines off, no electrical connections.
-Approved heaters only near aircraft.
-Weather radar off, no battery work.
-No spark-producing tools, no photography near fuel.
-Refueling stops if lightning within 8km.
-Follow manufacturer procedures.
-Emergency lighting on, seatbelt signs off.
-No smoking or electronics.
-Two exits designated, one the main door.
-Exits clear, crew nearby.
-Evacuation means at main door.
-Qualified crew at main door.
-Main door open, flight crew informs cabin crew when leaving.
-Refueling stops if fuel fumes detected.

Question 36

FUEL SPILLAGE / FIRE

Answer 36

In case of fuel spillage/fire:
-Stop refueling immediately.
-Shut down all ground equipment.
-Notify control tower/airport manager.
-Captain takes charge if no tower/fire services.
-Cabin crew initiates rapid deplanement, avoiding spill area.

Question 37

BOMB THREAT

Answer 37

Bomb Threat:
-Captain is first to know, informs In-Charge.
-Treat all threats seriously, use Positive Target Identification (PTI).
Pilot-in-Command:
-Has final authority.
-Lands at nearest suitable airport, proceeds to Bomb Threat area.
-Follows instructions, maintains contact, completes report.
Identifying Suspicious Package:
-Look for unusual labels, excessive weight, leaks, odors, etc.
Bomb Threats:
-Can be ground or flight originated.
-Treated as potential major accident.
On the Ground:
-Captain alerts In-Charge via PA: “In-Charge communicate with the flight deck”
-Follow evacuation/deplanement procedures if ordered.
-Do not take anything off or re-enter aircraft until cleared.
-If hoax, station requests law enforcement.
Airborne:
-Captain alerts In-Charge via PA: “In-Charge communicate with the flight deck”
-In-Charge gets checklist, receives briefing.
-Aircraft may divert, return, or continue.
-In-Charge advises crew and passengers.
-If hoax, Dispatch requests law enforcement.
Search:
-Inspect flight deck and cabin.
-Sketch and describe any suspicious item.
-Cabin crew may conduct gentle search.
-Identify all carry-on baggage.
-Do not move suspicious items, report to Captain.
Suspected Device:
-Do not move unless instructed.
-Stabilize, disconnect power, move passengers away.
-Land and evacuate.
Least Risk Bomb Location (LRBL):
-If necessary, move device to LRBL (SS340B: last row 11).
-Construct platform, add wet materials, plastic sheet.
-Move device carefully, stabilize, add more wet materials.
-Secure, move people away.
Flight Diverts/Returns:
-Captain or In-Charge makes announcement.
Flight Continues:
-No announcement, normal procedures.
After Landing:
-Captain signals rapid deplanement if needed via PA: «LADIES & GENTLEMEN, LEAVE THE AIRCRAFT IMMEDIATELY USING THE MAIN ENTRY DOOR, LEAVE ALL YOUR BELONGINGS BEHIND»
-Deplane through forward door, headcount.

Question 38

UNLAWFUL INTERFERENCE / HIJACK

Answer 38

Hijacking:
-No specific instructions, rely on crew judgment and training.
-Passengers and crew safety first.
-Avoid conflicts, explain actions.
-Remain calm, keep passengers calm.
-No alcohol, offer non-caffeinated drinks.
-Secure cabin and galleys.
-No technical advice.
-Evacuate if possible.
-Update flight deck on hijacker details.
Cabin Crew Procedure:
-Use code word established during pre-flight briefing.
-Communicate via interphone.
-Keep code word confidential.
-Communicate with Flight Deck as follows:
-Cabin Crew to Flight Deck (interphone only):
 “FLIGHT DECK CREW I MUST SPEAK TO YOU REGARDING THE _”
-Flight Deck to Cabin Crew (interphone only):
 “I UNDERSTAND YOU MUST TALK TO ME REGARDING THE _”
-Cabin Crew to Flight Deck (interphone only):
 “YES”
Flight Crew:
-Notify ATS of hijacking and any deviations.
-Set transponder to 7500 unless 7700 is warranted.
-Continue flight unless otherwise dictated.
-Transmit warnings if deviating without ATS contact.

Question 39

USE OF PORTABLE ELECTRONIC DEVICES

Answer 39

Portable Electronic Device (PED) Use Onboard
Allowed without restriction:
-Hearing aids
-Electronic watches
-GPS
-Defibrillator
-Heart pacemakers
-Protective hearing appliances (e.g., earplugs, non-electronic headsets)
-Diabetic insulin pumps
-Personal life support systems (with prior arrangements)
Allowed during cruise only:
-MP3 players
-Audio/video playback devices
-Satellite receivers (e.g., handheld GPS)
-Portable DVD players
-Laptops (wireless OFF)
-Calculators (no printer)
-Electric shavers
-Furbie toys (can be turned off)
-Noise Busters
Note: Sunglasses with built-in MP3 players are NOT allowed during critical phases.
Allowed with restrictions:
-Must be in “Airplane Mode” during flight (except during taxi, takeoff, and landing)
-Cellular phones allowed before door closure and after landing with restrictions
-Can be plugged in during flight only
-Large devices stowed during taxi, takeoff, landing, and turbulence
-Must be switched off during safety demonstration
Restricted items:
-Audio/video recorders/playback devices
-Electronic shavers
-Personal entertainment devices
-CD/cassette players
-Radio receivers
-TVs, VCRs, video cameras, video games
-E-readers, portable DVD players
-PDAs, touch/media players, tablets
-Pagers (receiving only)
-Furbie toys, electronic agendas, Noise Busters
-Portable computers (no printer), calculators (no printer)
-Blackberry (non-transmitting)
-Cellular phones (including with MP3/camera)
-Laptops (corded mouse and memory stick only)
-MP3 players, netbooks, satellite receivers
Additional rules:
-No PEDs during safety briefing
-Turn off/stow during turbulence
-Stow securely in seat pocket during emergencies
-Captain may allow PEDs during long ground delays
-Prohibited devices: radio-controlled toys, laser pointers, laptops/calculators with printers, transmitting Blackberry, wireless mouse, Bluetooth headsets
Suspected Interference:
-Passenger turns off device
-Crew confirms interference
-Captain reports incident
Passenger Headsets:
-Not allowed during critical phases
-Must be removed for safety announcements
-Allowed for medical reasons

Question 40

RAPID DEPLANNING

Answer 40

In case of bomb threat, major fuel spill, fumes in cabin, suspicious parcel found
Passengers deplaned through Main Door with stairs extended
Procedures:
-If deplanning in imminent and flight deck has no time to advise FA via interphone, BP will give the direction over the PA: “Rapid deplanement-Rapid deplanement”.
-If the flight deck has time to call FA via interphone, give a brief description of the situation and advise FA to deplane rapidly. Cabin crew will then make Rapid Deplanning annoucement (FAM Chapter 6.25)