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chemistry > some non metals and their compounds > Flashcards

some non metals and their compounds Flashcards

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1
Q

how is carbon dioxide removed in the carbon cycle

A

photosynthesis - 6Co+6H20 –> 6O2 + C6H12O6

dissolving- carbon dioxide from air dissolving in the ocean

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2
Q

how is carbon dioxide added to the atmosphere

A

respiration - glucose + oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water + energy
combustion - methane + oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water + energy

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3
Q

how is fossil fuels made

A

remains of dead organism fall to the ocean floor and are buried
soft part turns into petroleum and natural gas
hard shells turn into limestone rock
trees get buries in swamps to make coal carbon dioxide in ait ends up in f`ossil fuels

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4
Q

what are the 3 ways carbon dioxide occurs naturally by

A
  1. combustion of carbon compound in plenty of air - CH4 + 2O2 –> CO2 + 2H20
  2. reaction with dilute acid and carbonates - CaCO3 + 2HCL –> CaCl2 + CO2+ H20
  3. reaction between oxygen and glucose - C6H12O6 + 6O2 –> 6CO2 + 6H2O
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5
Q

what are the properties of carbon dioxide

A

colourless gas with no smell
heavier than air
things will not burn in it
slightly soluble in water forming carbonic acid, H2CO3

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6
Q

how is carbon monoxide formed

A

when carbon compounds burn in too little oxygen

2CH4 + 3O2 –> 2CO + 4H2O

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7
Q

what are the properties of carbon monoxide

A

no smell

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8
Q

why is carbon monoxide dangerous

A

binds with RBC preventing it from carrying oxygen ard the body

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9
Q

what is the formula of carbonate

A

CO3^-2

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10
Q

what are the properties of carbonates

A

insoluble in water except for sodium
react with acid to from sale, water and carbon dioxide
break down when heated to form co2 and oxide

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11
Q

where is calcium carbonate found naturally

A

limestone, chalk and marble

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12
Q

why do sodium carbonates not break down

A

compounds are more stable

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13
Q

how is methane formed/ found

A

natural gas/ gas deposit in ocean to be used as fuel
bacteria break down plant material in absence of oxygen
animals gives out methane as waste gas from digestion

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14
Q

name a organic compound

A

methane

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15
Q

where are organic compounds found

A

in protein, carbohydrate in body
compound in petroleum and coal
plastic and medical drugs

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16
Q

what is the study of carbon compounds called

A

organic chemistry

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17
Q

what is inside carbon compounds

A

carbon, hydrogen (sulfur and nitrogen )

18
Q

what are the greenhouse gases

A

carbon dioxide and methane

19
Q

how does greenhouse has work

A
  1. sun send out energy in UV rays, which warms earth

2. some of the heat escapes from atmosphere and some is absorbed by greenhouse gas

20
Q

why is there more carbon dioxide and methane in the air

A

-burn more fossil fuel

increases in animal farming, rice farming and landfill sites

21
Q

what are the effects of climate change

A 
change in air temp, rainfall and wind patterns 
places will become dryer or wetter 
sea levels will rise 
animals that cant adapt will die 
natural disasters
22
Q

how can we prevent global warming

A

cut down on fossil fuel - public transport or bokes
use clean ways to get electricity like wind power
scientist are burying to underground

23
Q

how is limestone made

A

sea creatures hv shell or skeleton made of calcium carbonate
when they die the reamins fall to the seafloor
layers of shell and bone becomes rock
soft parts become oil
forces bring them up

24
Q

what is crushed limestone used for

A

Extracting iron from iron ore
Road building
As chips for concrete

25
Q

what is powdered limestone used for

A

Neutralise acidity in soil

For flue gas desulfurization

26
Q

what is lime used for

A

Making steel from iron
Neutralise acidity in soil
Drying agent in industry

27
Q

what is cement used for

A

make concrte

28
Q

what is slaked lime used for

A

Neutralise acidity in soil and leaked affected by acid rain

For flue gas desulfurization

29
Q

how is lime made

A

it is heated

CaCO3 ⇌ CaO + CO2

30
Q

what is another word for lime

A

quicklime

31
Q

what is the process of how lime is made

A

limestone is fed at one end of the kilin and comes out the other
air is blown in

32
Q

why does carbon dioxide not react again to make lime

A

bc it is blown away by air wooshhhhhh

33
Q

what type of reaction is lime

A

thermol decompostition

34
Q

how is slaked lime made

A

add water to lime

Ca) + H2O –> Ca(oh)2

35
Q

WHAT TYPE OF REACTION IS SLAKED LIME

A

EXOTHEMIC- GIVES STEAM OUT

36
Q

WHAT IS LIMEWATER

A

WEKA SOLUTION OF CALCIUM HYDORXIDE WHICH IS SPARINGLY SOLUBLE IN WATER WHY AM I IN CAPS

37
Q

how is cement made

A

mixing lime stone with caly, heating it, add gypsum and grind it

38
Q

what is flue gas desulfurisation

A

removal of sulfur dioxide from waste gases at powered station before they go out

39
Q

how is flue gas desulfurisation carried out

A

mixture of powdered limetone ot slaked lime and water is sprayed in the waste gas or gases bubble through it

40
Q

give the equation for the reaction of flue gas desulfurisation

A

Ca(OH)2 + SO2 → CaSO3 + H2O

2CaCO3 + O2 + 4H2) → 2CaSO4.2H2O

41
Q

what is gypsum

A

hydrated calcium sulfate

used in making cement, plaster board and ect

chemistry (9 decks)

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