some non metals and their compounds Flashcards
how is carbon dioxide removed in the carbon cycle
photosynthesis - 6Co+6H20 –> 6O2 + C6H12O6
dissolving- carbon dioxide from air dissolving in the ocean
how is carbon dioxide added to the atmosphere
respiration - glucose + oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water + energy
combustion - methane + oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water + energy
how is fossil fuels made
remains of dead organism fall to the ocean floor and are buried
soft part turns into petroleum and natural gas
hard shells turn into limestone rock
trees get buries in swamps to make coal carbon dioxide in ait ends up in f`ossil fuels
what are the 3 ways carbon dioxide occurs naturally by
- combustion of carbon compound in plenty of air - CH4 + 2O2 –> CO2 + 2H20
- reaction with dilute acid and carbonates - CaCO3 + 2HCL –> CaCl2 + CO2+ H20
- reaction between oxygen and glucose - C6H12O6 + 6O2 –> 6CO2 + 6H2O
what are the properties of carbon dioxide
colourless gas with no smell
heavier than air
things will not burn in it
slightly soluble in water forming carbonic acid, H2CO3
how is carbon monoxide formed
when carbon compounds burn in too little oxygen
2CH4 + 3O2 –> 2CO + 4H2O
what are the properties of carbon monoxide
no smell
why is carbon monoxide dangerous
binds with RBC preventing it from carrying oxygen ard the body
what is the formula of carbonate
CO3^-2
what are the properties of carbonates
insoluble in water except for sodium
react with acid to from sale, water and carbon dioxide
break down when heated to form co2 and oxide
where is calcium carbonate found naturally
limestone, chalk and marble
why do sodium carbonates not break down
compounds are more stable
how is methane formed/ found
natural gas/ gas deposit in ocean to be used as fuel
bacteria break down plant material in absence of oxygen
animals gives out methane as waste gas from digestion
name a organic compound
methane
where are organic compounds found
in protein, carbohydrate in body
compound in petroleum and coal
plastic and medical drugs
what is the study of carbon compounds called
organic chemistry
what is inside carbon compounds
carbon, hydrogen (sulfur and nitrogen )
what are the greenhouse gases
carbon dioxide and methane
how does greenhouse has work
- sun send out energy in UV rays, which warms earth
2. some of the heat escapes from atmosphere and some is absorbed by greenhouse gas
why is there more carbon dioxide and methane in the air
-burn more fossil fuel
increases in animal farming, rice farming and landfill sites
what are the effects of climate change
change in air temp, rainfall and wind patterns places will become dryer or wetter sea levels will rise animals that cant adapt will die natural disasters
how can we prevent global warming
cut down on fossil fuel - public transport or bokes
use clean ways to get electricity like wind power
scientist are burying to underground
how is limestone made
sea creatures hv shell or skeleton made of calcium carbonate
when they die the reamins fall to the seafloor
layers of shell and bone becomes rock
soft parts become oil
forces bring them up
what is crushed limestone used for
Extracting iron from iron ore
Road building
As chips for concrete
what is powdered limestone used for
Neutralise acidity in soil
For flue gas desulfurization
what is lime used for
Making steel from iron
Neutralise acidity in soil
Drying agent in industry
what is cement used for
make concrte
what is slaked lime used for
Neutralise acidity in soil and leaked affected by acid rain
For flue gas desulfurization
how is lime made
it is heated
CaCO3 ⇌ CaO + CO2
what is another word for lime
quicklime
what is the process of how lime is made
limestone is fed at one end of the kilin and comes out the other
air is blown in
why does carbon dioxide not react again to make lime
bc it is blown away by air wooshhhhhh
what type of reaction is lime
thermol decompostition
how is slaked lime made
add water to lime
Ca) + H2O –> Ca(oh)2
WHAT TYPE OF REACTION IS SLAKED LIME
EXOTHEMIC- GIVES STEAM OUT
WHAT IS LIMEWATER
WEKA SOLUTION OF CALCIUM HYDORXIDE WHICH IS SPARINGLY SOLUBLE IN WATER WHY AM I IN CAPS
how is cement made
mixing lime stone with caly, heating it, add gypsum and grind it
what is flue gas desulfurisation
removal of sulfur dioxide from waste gases at powered station before they go out
how is flue gas desulfurisation carried out
mixture of powdered limetone ot slaked lime and water is sprayed in the waste gas or gases bubble through it
give the equation for the reaction of flue gas desulfurisation
Ca(OH)2 + SO2 → CaSO3 + H2O
2CaCO3 + O2 + 4H2) → 2CaSO4.2H2O
what is gypsum
hydrated calcium sulfate
used in making cement, plaster board and ect
