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mental health > Somatic Symptom and Dissociative Disorders > Flashcards

Somatic Symptom and Dissociative Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Causes of somatic symptom disorder

A

Genetic
Reduction in serotonin, > autonomic arousal
Family stress & learned behavior as a child
Emotions due to traumatic events or biological/environmental factors–>exhibit pain

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2
Q

Learning theory of somatic symptom disorder

A

complaints are reinforced because they can get out of certain situations

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3
Q

Nursing interventions of somatic symptoms disorder

A

Acknowledge the symptoms
Emphasize strengths
Help manage symptoms, not eliminate them
Matter of fact manner
Can’t help until underlying problem that’s causing the symptom is addressed first

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4
Q

Illness anxiety disorder

A

Persistent conviction that one has or is likely to get a serious disease
Worst case scenario
Extremely conscious of bodily sensations and change

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5
Q

Pharmacologic therapy of illness anxiety

A

Benzos
SSRIs

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6
Q

Nursing interventions of illness anxiety

A

Help expand coping skills
Encourage pt to express feelings
Respond in a matter of fact way
Create a supportive relationship
Teach relaxation techniques

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7
Q

To have this disorder:
Conversion disorder

A

One or more symptoms of impaired motor or sensory function

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8
Q

Causes of conversion disorder

A

Defense mechanisms to neutralize anxiety
Psychological factors
Biological factors

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9
Q

Nursing interventions of conversion disorder

A

Don’t force individual to talk, convey a caring attitude
Help pt identify emotional conflicts
> coping ability
Don’t insist they use affected body part

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10
Q

Factitious disorder

A

Deliberately produces symptoms to assume the role to make themselves sick
Purposely imposing illness or physical illness on others or themselves

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11
Q

Treatment of factitious disorder

A

Psychotherapy
Family therapy
Relaxation training
Biofeedback
Hypnosis
Benzos

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12
Q

Nursing interventions of factitious disorder

A

Don’t force individual to talk, convey a caring attitude
Help pt identify emotional conflicts > coping ability
Don’t insist they use affected body part

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13
Q

Depersonalization/Derealization disorder

A

Persistent or recurring feelings that one is detached from one’s own mental processes or body or by feelings of detachment from other persons, objects, or surroundings
Feel the word is unreal or distorted

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14
Q

S&S of depersonalization/derealization disorder

A

Emotionally numb, detached from body, living in a dream, depression, anxiety, fear of going insane

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15
Q

Treatment of depersonalization/derealizatioin disorder

A

Can recover even without treatment
Psychotherapy: realize the anxiety stressor is causing their disorder

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16
Q

Pharmacologic therapy of depersonalization/derealization disorder

A

SSRI

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17
Q

Nursing interventions of depersonalization/derealization disorder

A

See disorder as defense mechanism
help pt recognize and deal with anxiety
Assist in developing supportive relationships

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18
Q

Dissociative anemia with fugue

A

person moves to another location, new identity

19
Q

Selective dissociative amnesia

A

Recall some but not all events
During specific traumatic time, sketchy, don’t remember full situation

20
Q

Generalized dissociative amnesia

A

Forget entire past
Prolonged, amnesia for a lifetime

21
Q

Continuous dissociative amnesia

A

Forget things from a given time
Something happened in the late 20s so they forget what happens from the start of the event to now, before that time they can remember

22
Q

Systematized dissociative amnesia

A

limited to specific type of info
Ex. They cannot remember the person that caused the event

23
Q

Treatment of dissociative amnesia

A

Sometimes resolves by itself
Psychotherapy, hypnosis, benzodiazepines

24
Q

Primary vs secondary gain

A

Primary: Positive reinforcement
Secondary: reinforces the advantages of having the symptom. Get the added nurturing from having the symptom

25
Q

S&S of somatic symptoms disorder

A

Body symptoms: GI, cardiopulmonary, or reproductive
Hx multiple medical evaluations
Symptoms aren’t under persons voluntary control

26
Q

Treatment of somatic symptoms disorder

A

Most difficult disorder to manage
Control/cope with symptoms
Prevent uneccessary medical test/treatment
Occurs with anxiety/depression
Cognitive behavioral therapy
Family therapy
Acupuncture

27
Q

Causes of illness anxiety disorder

A

Similar to somatic symptom disorder
Self-centeredness
Emotional links
Death of a loved one, associated with depression, living with a family member that has a serious illness

28
Q

S&S of illness anxiety disorder

A

Specific to general complaints
Describes PQRST
Examination by healthcare provider doesn’t relieve concerns
Reject that symptoms are psychological
Use symptoms to avoid difficult situations

29
Q

Treatment of illness anxiety

A

Always do a full assessment before attributing to their mental disorder
Education
Regular outpatient follow up
Individual, group, family psychotherapy
CBT

30
Q

Conversion disorder

A

Loss of change in voluntary motor or sensory functioning that suggests a physical illness but has no physiologic basis

31
Q

S&S of conversion disorder

A

Depends on pt
Pseudoseizures
Loss of sense
Dysphagia
Impaired balance or coordination
Weakness of paralysis
La Belle indifference: have the symptoms but doesn’t really bother them

32
Q

Treatment of conversion disorder

A

Psychotherapy
Family therapy
Relaxation training
Biofeedback
Hypnosis
Benzos

33
Q

Causes of depersonalization/derealization disorder

A

Exact cause unknown
Early life trauma
Immature defense mechanisms
Hx of mental abuse & substance abuse

34
Q

Dissociative amnesia

A

Inability to recall important personal info that can’t be explained by normal forgetfulness

35
Q

Localized dissociative amnesia

A

Cannot remember events that took place in a specific period of time

36
Q

Causes of dissociative amnesia

A

Severe stress from traumatic experience
Physical, emotional, or sexual abuse
Mild TBI

37
Q

S&S of dissociative amnesia

A

Disoriented, wandering, may not recognize inability to recall info

38
Q

Nursing interventions of dissociative amnesia

A

Encourage verbalize feelings
Help pt realize memory loss is a defense mechanism
Help pt deal with anxiety producing experiences

39
Q

Dissociative identity disorder

A

Marked by two or more distinct identities that recurrently take control of the pt’s consciousness and behavior

40
Q

Causes of DID

A

trauma, extreme stress, severe physical and sexual abuse
Survival mechanism

41
Q

S&S of DID

A

Lack of recall about personal history
Confrontation with evidence of activity they don’t recall
Hallucinations, PTSD symptoms, sleep disorders, eating disorders, self mutilation, suicidal tendencies

42
Q

Treatment of DID

A

Goal is to integrate all personalities
Psychotherapy hypnosis
Antidepressants, anticonvulsants

43
Q

Nursing Interventions of DID

A

Promote interventions that help pt identify each sub personality
Encourage pt to identify emotions that occur under stress
Recognize small gains
Coping skills

mental health (7 decks)

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