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mental health > Anxiety, Obsessive compulsive, trauma and stressors related disorder > Flashcards

Anxiety, Obsessive compulsive, trauma and stressors related disorder Flashcards

1
Q

Causes of panic disorder

A

Genetics
Biochemical: > norepinephrine & heightened sensitivity to somatic symptoms
Cognitive behavioral theory
Life events
Psychoanalytic theory

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2
Q

Pharmacologic therapy of panic disorders

A

Fast acting: Benzodiazepines
Longer term: SSRIs, SNRIs
Beta-blockers: < stress hormone

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3
Q

Causes of GAD

A

Genetics: imbalance in serotonin, norepinephrine, GABA, and glutamate
Biochemical abnormalities: > in blood lactate
Psychosocial & environmental factors: children of more anxious parents
Stress = trigger not cause

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4
Q

Symptoms of GAD

A

SOB, tachycardia, palpitations, sweating, irritability, fatigue, trembling, headache, poor concentration, excessive anxiety/worry over minor matters

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5
Q

Treatment of GAD

A

Cognitive therapy
Cognitive behavioral therapy
Biofeedback training

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6
Q

Pharmacologic therapy for GAD

A

Benzodiazepines
SSRIs
SNRIs

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7
Q

Treatment of social anxiety disorder

A

Negative thought stopping: rubber band
Desensitization therapy
Relaxation techniques
cognitive behavioral therapy

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8
Q

Pharmacologic therapy
Social anxiety disorder

A

SSRIs
beta adrenergic blockers

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9
Q

Nursing interventions
Social anxiety disorder

A

encourage interaction
Progressive muscle relaxation
Gradual desensitization
How they normally cope with fear

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10
Q

Symptoms of specific phobias

A

Severe anxiety, low self-esteem, depression, feelings of weakness

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11
Q

Pharmacologic therapy of specific phobias

A

Benzodiazepines
SSRI

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12
Q

Risk factors for PTSD

A

limited social supports
Parental neglect
High anxiety
Low self-esteem
Hx of psychiatric disorders

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13
Q

Symptoms of Acute stress disorder

A

Generalized anxiety, hyperarousal, avoidance of reminders of traumatic event, physical restlessness, sleep disturbances, poor concentration

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14
Q

Mixed disturbance of emotions and conduct adjustment disorders

A

depression, anxiety, and symptoms of conduct disorder

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15
Q

Causes of adjustment disorders

A

Dev. diabilities, intellectual disorders, genetics
Early childhood trauma, children in foster families
Transactional model of stress/adaptation: continuous stress/sudden stressor. Different type of trauma

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16
Q

Causes of anxiety disorder

A

Genetics
Biochemical factors: biological makeup
Neuroanatomic factors: brain atrophy & underdeveloped frontal and temporal lobes
Traumatic life events
Medical conditions: hyperthyroid, respiratory/cardiovascular

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17
Q

Nursing interventions for agoraphobia

A

Assertiveness skills: self-confidence, motivated
Discuss feared object or situation
Systematic desensitization program
Administering medications

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18
Q

Nursing interventions for specific phobias

A

discuss
Assertiveness skill
Relaxation & though stopping techniques
Medication

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19
Q

Causes of PTSD

A

Traumatic event
Imbalance of serotonin

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20
Q

What is acute stress disorder

A

Syndrome of anxiety and behavioral disturbances that occur within 4 weeks of an extreme trauma

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21
Q

Depressed mood adjustment disorders

A

Have depression every time dealing with change

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22
Q

Anxiety adjustment disorders

A

Symptoms of anxiety related to change

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23
Q

Related to bereavement adjustment disorders

A

Significant losses in family

24
Q

What is panic disorder

A

Recurrent, unexpected panic attacks that occur without warning and cause intense apprehension and feelings of impending doom

25
Symptoms of panic disorder
Going crazy/feeling like dying Last 1-30 min Extreme anxiety & fear Feelings of impending doom Palpitations Breathing difficulty Chest pain Nausea Dizziness Chills/hot flashes
26
Treatment of panic disorders
Patient teaching Cognitive therapy Deep breathing Progressive relaxation techniques Biofeedback Guided imagery
27
Nursing interventions for panic disorders
Stay with pt until attack subsides Reduce stimuli Breathing techniques = < hyperventilation Short, simple sentences Encourage express feelings Teach coping mechanisms
28
Definition of agoraphobia
Intense, excessive anxiety or fear about being places or situations from which escape might not be available
29
Causes of agoraphobia
Biochemical imbalances Crowded place, open or closed place Personality traits: introverted, dependent personalities
30
Symptoms of agoraphobia
Fear/avoidance of open/closed spaces Fear of standing in line or being in a crowd Fear of being outside the home Fear of panic attack in public=embarrassment
31
Treatment for agoraphobia
SSRIs, SNRI, benzodiazepine, desensitization, implosive therapy-pictures and talk about their feelings about it
32
Generalized anxiety disorder What do you need to do in order to be diagnosed?
Cause a disturbance in relationships, school, and work
33
What is cognitive therapy
Change ways of thinking so they are positive
34
What is cognitive behavior therapy?
Changing thinking and behaviors
35
Nursing interventions of GAD
Stay with pt if anxious Encourage pt to discuss feelings Reduce stimuli Teach progressive muscle relaxation, guided imagery, deep breathing Appropriate referrels
36
What is social anxiety disorder
Marked persistent fear/anxiety in social or performance situations Thinking of how others are perceiving them
37
Causes of social anxiety disorder
Shyness & social inhibition Parental and peer influences Serotonin, dopamine, glutamate imbalance Early traumatic event Genetics Brain structure Societal expectations Isolated upbringing
38
Symptoms of social anxiety disorder
Fear/avoidance of eating, writing, or speaking in public Low self-esteem Profuse sweating Trembling Difficulty talking Worried about looking worried
39
Specific phobias
Trauma Repeated warnings of danger about feared object/situation Panic attacks when exposed Learned behavior
40
Causes of specific phobias
Trauma Repeated warnings of danger about feared object/situation Panic attacks when exposed Learned beahvior
41
Treatment for specific phobias
Cognitive behavioral therapy Desensitization/exposure therapy
42
What is posttraumatic stress disorder
Considered a trauma and stressor related disorder, occurs after someone has witnessed or experienced a serious traumatic event
43
Symptoms of PTSD
Anger, poor impulse control, avoidance of people, places, and things, emotional detachment, depersonalization, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, hyper vigilance, social withdrawal, hopelessness, flashbacks, nightmare
44
Treatment of PTSD
Desensitization, relaxation techniques, CBT, psychotherapy, group therapy
45
Pharmacologic treatment of PTSD
SSRIs, SNRIs, TCA, MAOI
46
Nursing interventions for someone with PTSD
Establish a trusting relationship Stay with pt during flashbacks and nightmares
47
Disturbance of conduct adjustment disorder
Have no regard for others, violent physical and emotional towards others. Break the law
48
Unspecific adjustment disorders
Doesn't fit any other categories. General physical or somatic complaints Ex. pain, stomachaches, headache related to change
49
What is obsessive compulsive disorder
Unwanted, recurrent, and intrusive thoughts or images which the person tries to alleviate through repetitive behaviors and mental acts Behaviors have to take up more than 1 hour a day
50
Causes of obsessive compulsive disorder
Enlarged basal ganglia Thought that fuels the compulsion to relieve anxiety Genetics
51
Symptoms of obsessive compulsive disorder
Cleaning: rituals & fear of contamination Symmetry: repeating, ordering, counting Repetitive thoughts that cause stress Repetitive behaviors Perceived need to achieve perfection
52
Treatment of OCD Behavior therapy
Allow behavior if not harmful in order to relieve anxiety. Later limit how much compulsion. Help them talk through anxiety and see they don't need compulsion
53
Nursing interventions of OCD
Diversions Accepting attitude Give pt time to perform ritualistic behavior Set reasonable limits Effective coping skills Identify progress & set realistic expectations
54
Substance induced anxiety disorder
Symptoms of anxiety related to their substance use disorder beyond side effects of taking substance
55
Body dysmorphic disorder
Preoccupied on a perceived defect on the body part
56
Trichotillomania
Anxiety causes hair pulling
57
Hoarding disorder
Difficulty with discarding any possessions Seen with pt who had an extreme loss or lower socioeconomic status

mental health (7 decks)

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