Somatic Dysfunction and Barriers Flashcards
somatic dysfunction
impaired or altered function of related components of the somatic (body framework) system and their related vascular, lymphatic, and neural elements.
osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT)
the therapeutic application of manually guided forces by an osteopathic physician to improve physiologic function and/or support homeostasis that has been altered by somatic dysfunction
homeostasis
the level of well-being of an individual maintained by internal physiologic harmony that is the result of a relatively stable state or equilibrium among the interdependent body functions
acute somatic dysfunction
vasodilation, edema, tenderness, pain, tissue contraction
chronic somatic dysfunction
tenderness, itching, fibrosis, paresthesias, tissue contraction
TART
tissue texture abnormalities
asymmetry of structure or motion
restriction of motion
tenderness
tissue texture abnormality
a palpable change in tissues from skin to periarticular structures
types include bogginess, thickening, stringiness, ropiness, firmness (hardening), temperature change, moisture change
bogginess
a tissue texture abnormality characterized principally by a palpable sense of sponginess in the tissue, interpreted as resulting from congestion due to increased fluid content
hypertonicity
spastic paralysis
hypotonicity
flacid paralysis
contraction
normal tone of muscle when it shortens or is activated against resistance
tone
normal feel of muscle in relaxed state
contracture
abnormal shortening of a muscle due to fibrosis. most often in the tissue itself, often result of a chronic condition.
spasm
abnormal contraction maintained beyond physiologic need. most often sudden and involuntary muscular contraction that results in abnormal motion and is usually accompanied by pain and restriction of normal function.
ropiness
hard, firm, rope-like or cord-like muscle tone. usually indicates a chronic condition.
asymmetry
absence of symmetry of position or motion determined by vision or palpation
restriction of motion
a resistance or impediment to movement
anatomic barrier
the limit of motion imposed by anatomic structure; the limit of passive motion
physiologic barrier
the limit of active motion
elastic barrier
the range between the physiologic and anatomic barrier of motion in which passive stretching occurs before tissue disruption
restrictive barrier
a functional limit that abnormally diminishes the normal physiologic range
early muscle spasm
protective spasm after injury. example: empty end feel or guarding
late muscle spasm
chronic spasm, think chronic tissue changes
hard capsular
frozen shoulder
soft capsular
synovitis
tenderness
discomfort or pain elicited by palpation
pain
an unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli and generally received by specialized nerve endings
tenderpoints
small discrete hypersensitive areas within myofacial structures that result in localized pain
trigger point
small discrete hypersensitive areas within myofascial structures that cause referred pain away from sight with palpation
naming somatic dysfunction
for position of ease
goal of OMT
to remove somatic dysfunction and restore homeostasis
direct technique
method of using action engage the restrictive barrier directly
indirect technique
method of using action involving positioning away from the restrictive barrier
direct techniques
MFR, INR, ST, MET, HVLA, visceral
indirect techniques
MFR, INR, BLT/LAS, FPR, functional, visceral
combination techniques
MRF, Still, percussor, PINS
