Somatic Dysfunction Flashcards
Allopathy
Giving a drug that induces an environment in which the disease cannot handle
Osteopathy
Seeing the body having an inherent ability to heal itself. Fixing mechanical impediments allows for restoration of health
Somatic Dysfunction
Impaired or altered function in related components of skeletal, arthrodial, and myofascial (SOMA) compartments and their related vascular, lymphatic, and neural elements
Osteopathic Lesion
Palpatory cues and signs indicating a function disturbance that could predispose the body to disease
How do we define R in TART?
Abnormal restriction
Is tenderness subjective or objective?
Subjective (personal, emotions involved)
How do we categorize somatic dysfunction?
By tissue or structure most responsible for motion restriction
Types of Somatic Dysfunction
- Fascial-ligamentous restriction
- Arthrodial restriction
- Muscle restriction
- Edema-causing restriction
What maintains arthrodial dysfunction?
Facet structure itself
What often accompanies an arthrodial dysfunction?
Reflex muscle that guards and will not relax until articular restriction is released
5 things that can cause arthrodial dysfunction
- Acute trauma
- Repetitive motion injury (microtrauma)
- Sustained muscle hypertonicity
- Fascial or ligamentous contracture
- Poor posture
2 types of muscle restriction
- Short - 1 vertebral segment and 1 joint in peripheral skeleton
- Long - more than 1 vertebral segment and more than 1 joint in peripheral skeleton (groups)
Example of short muscle restriction
- Rotators
2. Interspinals
What determines the direction a vertebral segment can and cannot move? (fascial-ligamentous restriction)
Which ligaments shortened or lost elasticity
What is in the fascial envelope?
Contractile elements of muscles
When relaxed, what does static investing fascia do?
Stay shortened
What causes edema-causing restriction?
Pain produced from fascial stretching and compartment distension as well as presence of fluid
Articular dysfunction “end feel” is described as?
More solid
Muscle dysfunction “end feel” is described as?
Stretchy/rubbery
Ligamentous-fascial “end feel” is described as?
Very hard, abrupt w/ near total loss of tissue elasticity
Edema “end feel” is described as?
Mushy or fluid-filled sponge
What is the “key lesion”?
Somatic dysfunction that causes and maintains a whole pattern of dysfunction including secondary SD’s
If a function is corrected but keeps returning, what do you do next?
Determine whether or not it is caused by a reflex
How do we name?
For the FREEDOM of motion
Out of 2 adjacent vertebrae, which one exhibits the restriction and bears the name?
Upper vertebrae
Fryette Type 1 vertebrae rotate how and into what?
Opposite and into convexity
How many vertebrae for a group in Type 1?
3 or more
Where does maximum rotation occur in Type 1?
At the APEX
Which is a group segment?
Type 1
Which is neutral and opposite?
Type 1
In type 2, what does the segment rotate into?
Concavity
How does rotation and sidebending occur in type 2?
To the SAME side
What is Fryette Type 3?
Initiating motion of a vertebral segment in any plane of motion (flexion/extension, sidebending, or rotation) will reduce the movement of that segment in other planes of motion
What can be classfied as Type 1 or Type 2?
ONLY thoracic or lumbar
C2-C7 is what?
Type 2 like
What is C1 on C2? (atlas on axis)
Pure ROTATION
What could cause type 1? (group)
Habitual posture/activity, may be caused by trauma
What 3 methods are for motion testing?
- Gross motion testing and AGR
- Segmental testing
- Fascial pattern
Do you rescreen if AGR finds it to be above diaphragm?
Yes, to T12
Tell where to treat a vertical band in each region from AGR
- Cervical - treat the head
- Thoracic - treat UE
- Lumbar - treat LE
If it’s not a vertical band in the lumbars, what do we do?
Compare deviation on standing and seated flexion test
Horizontal band in the lower lumbars?
Treat that segment
No horizontal band in lower lumbars?
Treat sacrum
Do you repeat the screening after?
Yes
What are the 3 segmental motion testing planes?
- Coronal
- Transverse
- Sagittal
What is a common compensatory pattern?
Alternating patterns of fascia preferences
What can treating the compnesatory pattern do?
Affect 4 major diaphragms of the body
What did Zink find?
People with the common compensatory fascial pattern were “healthy” and those who did not have them non-compensated and traumatic in origin or seen in chronic illness
Where is greatest trauma often found?
Transition zones (OA, CT, TL, LS)
4 things that addressing CCP does?
- Relieve myofascial torsions in body
- Affect ANS
- Improve diaphragmatic function
- Improve venous/lymphatic flow
