Somantic Symptom & Dissociative Disorders Flashcards
Somantic
Higher mental functioning dysfunction
Dissociative
Motor or sensory system dysfunction
Dissociation
Process where different facets of self, memories or consciousness spilt off from one another
DSM III
Somatic disorders
‘Somatoform disorders’
Presentation of medically unexplained symptoms
‘Hysteria’
Womb detached and wandering around the body
Sydenham
Symptoms in men
Hypochondriasis
- abdomen below ribs associated with melancholy or depression (black bile)
- belief one has serious medical condition they do not have
Somatic symptom disorder
Persistent 6months+
Disproportionate and persistent thoughts about seriousness of ones symptoms
High levels of anxiety
Illness anxiety disorder
Preoccupation with having/acquiring a serious illness
6 months +
Conversion disorder (functional neurological symptom disorder)
Altered voluntary motor or sensory function
Acute <6 months
Persistent >6 months
Aetiology
Somatic disorders
Hormonal stress response system
Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis
Neurobiological models
-‘body maps’ (Damasio)
-false body maps (Kozlowska)
Gate control theory
Trauma or personality factors
Cognitive-behavioural model
Somatic disorders
Somatosensory amplification
- perception of symptoms
- attribution regarding symptoms
- concern/anxiety about illness
- illness behaviour
Derealisation
Change in individuals sense of the world
Depersonalisation
Change in individuals sense of physical self
Amnesia
Absence of memory for a specific and significant period of time
Identity confusion
Feeling of uncertainty, puzzlement or conflict regarding ones identity
Identity alteration
Objective behaviours indicating individual has assumed alternative identities
Depersonalisation/derealisation disorder
Feeling detached from own mental processes & experience unreality
Lifetime prevalence 26-74%
Onset 16years
Childhood risk factors (abuse)
Dissociative amnesia
Inability to recall personal information
Prevalence 1.8%
Hippocampus- temporal love
Vs
Amygdala - regulation of emotions
Subtypes
- selective
- localised
- generalised
DID
Dissociative Identity Disorder
Presence of 2 or more distinct identities that take control
Prevalence 0.4-1.1%
Childhood trauma
Have PTSD Also
Symptoms of PTSD are dissociative in nature
Comorbid - major depression,PTSD, phobias
Iatrogensis
Caused by treatment
(Iatros) doctor
(Genesis) origin
