Solutions and Their Behaviors

Question 1

What is a solution?

Answer 1

Homogenous mixtures that consists of one or more solutes uniformly dispersed at the molecular or ionic level throughout a medium known as a solvent.

Question 2

Is a solvent or solute typically present in a larger amount?

Answer 2

Solvent

Question 3

Formula for Molality (m)?

Answer 3

M=Moles solute/kg solvent

Question 4

Formula for Molarity (M)

Answer 4

M=Moles solute/L solution

Question 5

T/F: The difference between Molarity and Molality becomes larger as solutions become more dilute?

Answer 5

False.

Difference becomes smaller

Question 6

Which is more appropriate for dealing with physical chemistry, Molarity or Molality?

Answer 6

Molality

Question 7

Define and give an example of Solubility?

Answer 7

The amount of solute that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent.
Ex: How much O2 or CO2 would dissolve in how much blood.

Question 8

Define and give an example of Saturated?

Answer 8

A saturated solution contains the maximum amount of a solute as defined by its solubility.
Ex: Preoxygenating.

Question 9

What is it called when a solution contains more solute than allowed by the solubility?

Answer 9

Supersaturated.

Question 10

What is it called when two liquids are soluble in each other in all proportions?

Answer 10

Miscible.

Question 11

What is the energy called that is released when molecules or ions settle into crystalline structures?

Answer 11

Lattice Energy (LE)

Question 12

Is Lattice Energy inherently an exothermic or endothermic reaction?

Answer 12

Exothermic

Question 13

What is the energy called when an ion or molecules settles into a sphere of solvent molecules?

Answer 13

Solvation

Question 14

Is solvation inherently an exothermic or endothermic reaction?

Answer 14

Exothermic

Question 15

As Pressure increases, what happens to solubility?

Answer 15

Solubility increases.

Question 16

Who’s provided the law/theory that states the amount of gas which dissolves in liquid is directly proportional to the PP of the gas, provided T is constant?

Answer 16

Henry’s Law.

Question 17

What is a practical example of Henry’s Law?

Answer 17

Carbonated pop/champagne. Must be under pressure or CO2 comes out.

Question 18

As Temperature increases, what happens to solubility?

Answer 18

Solubility decreases (think of opening warm can of pop, The CO2 is less soluble and comes bubbling out.)

Question 19

As vapor pressure goes down, what happens to boiling point?

Answer 19

Boiling point goes up.

Question 20

Hyperbaric/hypertonic solution for spinal, does it move up or down in a sitting patient?

Answer 20

Moves down.

Question 21

How is freezing point decreased?

Answer 21

Solute is added (ex: adding salt to icecream to lower the freezing point).

Question 22

As vapor pressure increases, what happens to boiling point?

Answer 22

Boiling point goes down.

Question 23

What results from the potential drive for the concentration of water to equalize between a semi-permeable membrane?

Answer 23

Osmosis

Question 24

What is the Tyndall effect?

Answer 24

Effect that light has on passing through a colloid fluid. Creates a blueish hue.

Question 25

T/F Colloidal particles can be filtered and can settle out of solution?

Answer 25

False.

Question 26

T/F: Crystallouds exhibit the Tyndall effect?

Answer 26

False. Colloids do