Gas Laws Part B Flashcards
Do ideal gases exist?
No ideal gases do not exist
The kinetic theory of gases says what?
Assumes that the molecules are very small relative to the distance between molecules. The molecules are in constant, random motion and frequently collide with each other and with the walls of any container.
What value does the average kinetic energy depepon on?
Temperature
Define pressure of a gas:
A measure of the linear momentum of the molecules as collisions against the walls of a container occur
What does Force/Area equal?
Pressure
Define temperature of a gas:
The mean kinetic energy of the gas.
Define density of a gas:
The sum of the mass of the molecules divided by the volume which the gas occupies
The sum of the kinetic energy and potential energy is what?
Internal energy
Does temperature increase add or substract from the average KE of the molecules in a gas?
It is added energy and increases the average KE
Define diffusion:
The movement of a substance from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
Define effusion:
The movement of a gas through a small opening.
How does Graham’s Law of Effusion relate to anesthesia?
The basis for how anesthetic gas/preoxygenation works. No matter what, a concentration gradient must be present for movement.
As molecular weight increases, what happens to effusion/diffusion rates?
Decrease.
The rate of effusion is inversely proportional to the square root of the molecular weight.
How does the molecular weight and effusion rate apply clinically?
Helium moves much faster and easier through a small airway than air/oxygen
Fick’s Law determined there are four factors that effect diffusion of a gas across a permeable membrane. What are they?
- Chemical nature of membrane.
- Surface area of membrane.
- PP gradient.
- Thickness of the membrane
