Quiz #2 Flashcards
What is the mass of a proton?
1 AMU or 1.66 x 10^-27
What is the mass of an electron?
Mass is so small it is (mostly) irrelevant
What is the mass of a neutron?
1 AMU or 1.66 x 10^-27
Atomic number (Z)
Number of protons.
Is the identifying number of the atom
Cation
positive
Anion
negative
Compounds
More than one kind of atom in a fixed ratio by mass
Molecules
groups of atoms chemically bonded together into a discrete unit by covalent bonds.
Net neutral charge.
Ionic compounds
contain both positive and negatively charged ions with no identifiable units.
Attracted by charges and are not molecules
Can a substance be both a molecule and an element?
Yes; oxygen for example
Physical change
No change in the chemical makeup.
Ex. melting ice
Chemical change
Always makes a chemically different substance
Intensive physical property
Integral to the material, regardless of amount
Extensive physical property
Depends on sample size.
Ex: volume.
Substances
Pure materials that can’t be physically seperated into simpler components.
Mixtures
2 or more pure substances.
Can be physically separated
What is the only element that does not contain a neutron?
Hydrogen
Mass Number (A)
Atomic Number plus number of neutrons.
Basically, protons plus neutrons
Elements will have the same amount of protons/neutrons/electrons?
Protons and electrons
Left side of table
Metals: Ductile malleable conductors. give away electrons
Right side of table
Non-metals:
do not conduct.
tend to be brittle
can be liquids/solids/gases
Along the ladder
Metalloids: intermediates shiny less malleable conduct but not well
Aluminum
silvery white metal.
found in antiperspirant.
Avoid in dialysis pt.
Does not clear body well.
Barium
GI studies.
Toxic, but excreted easily
Bromium
One of two naturally occurring elements
Calcium
Neurotransmitters.
Stabilize cardiac muscle in torsades prior to Mag administration
Carbon
Great building block in chemistry
Chloride
means green.
Clorox cleaners.
Mostly toxic
Chromium
Found in stainless implants.
Copper
great conductor
Flourine
Sodium flouride for teeth strengthening
Helium
MRI coolant
Hydrogen
most common atom in the universe
Iodine
will block thyroid storm
Iron (Fe)
found in each Hgb molecule. Moves O2
Lithium
Tricks CNS into thinkinh it is Na rushing in which slows down the CNS
Magnesium
Cardiac conduction and effects Potassium levels
Nitrogen
80% of air
Oxygen
Vital to ATP synthesis.
Sodium
Muscle contractions.
CNS stability.
Water balance
Another name for ionic compounds
Salts
How are ionic compounds named?
Positive first,
Negative second
Larger and smaller number of ions named how?
Ate is larger
Ite it smaller.
Because the shark Ate the little fish (ite)
