Solutions Flashcards
Solutions are
Homogeneous mixtures of substances that combine to form a single phase (liquid)
Solvation / Dissolution is the
Interaction between the solute and solvent molecules
Solvation / Dissolution is possible when the
Attractive forces between the solute and solvent are stronger than the solvent particles alone
The energy of Solvation is the energy associated with
Separating the solute and solvent particles OR combining the solute and solvent particles
Solubility is the
Maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a particular solvent at a particular temperature
Solubility depends on the
- Temperature of the solution
- Type of Solvent
- Pressure
The solubility of liquids and solids will increase with
Increasing temperature
The solubility of gas increases with
- Decreasing temperature
- Increasing pressure
Molarity (M) is the
of solute moles / L solution
molality (m) is the
of solute moles / kg solvent
normality (N) is the
of grams equivalent weights of solute (or acids) / L solution
List soluble salts (with no exceptions):
- Alkali metal ions
- Ammonium ions
List soluble salts (with exceptions):
- Halogen salts (except Ag, Pb, Hg)
- Sulfate ions (except half of 2A and Pb)
All metal oxides are insoluble besides
Alkali metals + Half of group 2A
All hydroxides are insoluble besides
Group 1A and half of 2A
