Nuclear Reactions

Question 1

Binding energy is the

Answer 1

Amount of energy required to break up a nucleus into protons and neutrons

Question 2

How is the binding energy converted into mass?

Answer 2

Via the equation E = mc^2

Question 3

Mass defect is the

Answer 3

Difference between combined mass of protons and neutrons and the overall mass of the nucleus in general

Question 4

What are the two types of Nuclear Reactions?

Answer 4

• Fission

- Fusion

Question 5

The atomic # is the number of

Answer 5

Protons

Question 6

The mass # is the

Answer 6

Number of protons and neutrons

Question 7

What happens when a nucleus is unstable?

Answer 7

It may spontaneously emit particles of electromagnetic radiation / radioactivity

Question 8

Nuclei change composition during

Answer 8

Nuclear transmutation

Question 9

Nuclear transmutation involves the

Answer 9

Bombardment of the nucleus via electrons, neutrons, or other nuclei

Question 10

What happens to elements / isotopes in nuclear reactions?

Answer 10

They change from one to another

Question 11

What happens to energy in nuclear reactions?

Answer 11

Large amounts of energy is released or absorbed

Question 12

The rate of nuclear reactions is not affected by

Answer 12

• Catalysts
• Temperature
• Pressure

Question 13

What happens to atoms in chemical reactions?

Answer 13

They are rearranged due to formation/breaking of chemical bonds

Question 14

How much energy is released / absorbed in chemical reactions?

Answer 14

Small amounts

Question 15

The rate is affected by what in chemical reactions?

Answer 15

• Catalysts
• Temperature
• Pressure

Question 16

What are involved in the formation and breaking of bonds in chemical reactions?

Answer 16

Electrons

Question 17

What kind of nuclei are stable?

Answer 17

Intermediate-sized

Question 18

What is c^2 in E = mc^2?

Answer 18

c^2 = 932

Question 19

Nuclear reactions involve the

Answer 19

Combining or splitting of nuclei of atoms

Question 20

Fusion is the Nuclear Reaction in which

Answer 20

Small nuclei combine into a larger nucleus

Question 21

Fusion reactions only take place at

Answer 21

High temperatures and pressures

Question 22

Fission is the Nuclear Reaction in which

Answer 22

A large, heavy atom splits to form smaller, more stable nuclei

Question 23

Radioactive Decay is the

Answer 23

Naturally occurring, spontaneous decay of certain nuclei accompanied by emission of specific particles

Question 24

Alpha decay relates to the emission of an

Answer 24

Alpha particle

Question 25

What is an alpha particle?

Answer 25

4 He | 2

Question 26

What does the emission of Alpha Decay result in?

Answer 26

``` Z' = -2 A' = -4 ```

Question 27

Beta Decay is the emission of a

Answer 27

Beta-Particle, which can either be electrons or positrons

Question 28

What happens in B- Decay?

Answer 28

Neutron is consumed, with a proton taking place

Question 29

What is the B- decay reaction?

Answer 29

A X -> AY | Z Z+1

Question 30

What happens in B+ Decay?

Answer 30

Proton is consumed and a neutron takes place

Question 31

What is the B+ decay reaction?

Answer 31

A X -> AY | Z Z-1

Question 32

Gamma Decay is the

Answer 32

Emission of Gamma-particles

Question 33

Gamma Decay is a way for the nucleus to

Answer 33

Shed excess energy

Question 34

What is the equation of exponential decay?

Answer 34

- wavelength • N = ∆N / ∆t

Question 35

What is N in the equation of exponential decay?

Answer 35

N = the number of radioactive nuclei not decayed