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Emma Heme/Onc > Solid tumors > Flashcards

Solid tumors Flashcards

1
Q

highest incidence cancer

A

breast

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2
Q

high prevalence of prostate cancer

A

black men

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3
Q

high prevalence of liver cancer

A

asian immigrants

EtOH

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4
Q

lower prevalence of melanoma

A

dark skinned

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5
Q

Most cases of breast cancer are ______.

~ 20% of cases occur in patients with ______.

A

Most cases of breast cancer are SPORADIC.

~ 20% of cases occur in patients with OTHER AFFECTED CLOSE FAMILY MEMBERS.

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6
Q

BRCA1 or BRCA2

A

breast/ovarian cancer

AD

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7
Q

other causes of inherited breast cancer

A

p53 (Li Fraumeni), PTEN, CDH1, ATM, XXY (Klinefelter)

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8
Q

mutations –> colorectal cancer

A

APC
LKB1
MMR

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9
Q

mutations –> melanoma

A

CDKN2A
p16lnk4a
MTS1

base excision repair genes

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10
Q

mutations –> retinoblastoma

A

Rb

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11
Q

mutations –> pheochromocytoma

A

VHL (von hippie-lindau)

RET

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12
Q

mutations –> neurofibromatosis

A

NF1

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13
Q

intrinsic risk fx for INC breast cancer

A

younger menarche

nulliparity

> 30 y/o at first live birth

inc endogenous estrogen levels/bone density

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14
Q

intrinsic risk fx for DEC breast cancer

A

oophorectomy before age 40

inc # pregnancies

breast-feeding

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15
Q

extrinsic risk fx for INC breast cancer

A

hormone replacement therapy
OCP
DES
ionizing radiation (esp during puberty)

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16
Q

tobacco target cancers

A 
lung
H/N
esophagus
pancreas
renal 
bladder
cervix
17
Q

adult obesity target cancers

A

colorectal
endometrial
breast

18
Q

sedentary lifestyle target cancers

A

colon
breast
prostate

19
Q

EtOH target cancers

A 
liver
breast
colon
pharynx
esophagus

Emma Heme/Onc (16 decks)

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