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Emma Heme/Onc > Random > Flashcards

Random Flashcards

1
Q

Individuals with inherited prothrombotic disorders often have their first thrombosis

A

during their teen years or early twenties

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2
Q

Activated Protein C resistance (Factor V Leiden) mutation

A

Missense mutation of Arginine 506 to Glutamine 506 (Arg-506-Gln)

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3
Q

Prothrombin gene mutation

A

G to A substitution of nucleotide 20210 in 3’ untranslated portion of the gene

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4
Q

anti-phospholipid Ab syndrome MOA

A

production of antibodies against proteins which interact with phospholipid within cell membranes such as the endothelium of the vasculature

causes activation of the endothelial lining and increases risk for thrombosis

same antibodies interact in vitro with the phospholipid used in coagulation screening tests such as the PTT. Despite a prolongation in the PTT, there is no clinical bleeding.

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5
Q

p-selectin

A

enhances activation of platelets and leukocytes which play a key role in the inflammatory process

mediates the adhesion of activated platelets to monocytes and neutrophils

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6
Q

Fever and sepsis most commonly develop after transfusion with

A

platelets are the most common source, as they are the only blood product stored at room temperature

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7
Q

sickle cell pt with hemolysis, avoid what in tx?

A

rbc transfusions, don’t want hyperhemolysis

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8
Q

Malignant transformation of immature progenitor cells within ____ gives rise to acute lymphocytic leukemia.

A

the bone marrow

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9
Q

Malignant transformation of B cells going through developmental stages within _____ gives rise to lymphomas.

A

lymph nodes

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10
Q

MCV in 60s

A

thalassemia until proven other wise

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11
Q

Two classes of cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs are associated with treatment-related AML

A

alkylating agents

topoisomerase II inhibitors

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12
Q

Alkylator-associated AML

A

deletions of chromosome 5/5q or 7/7q

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13
Q

topo II inhibitor-associated AML

A

balanced translocations involving the MLL gene at 11q23

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14
Q

good prognostics AML

A

t(8;21) and t(15;17)

CBF

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15
Q

poor prognostics AML

A

MLL (11q23) - topo II related

5/7 deletions - alkylator related

> 3

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16
Q

target cells

A

think mostly thal

could also be HbC

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17
Q

HbSC

A

one sickle

one C

18
Q

HbCS

A

alpha thal

Constant Spring mutation (longer mRNA transcript)

19
Q

good prognostics ALL

A

t(12;21)
hyperploidy
nml cytogenetics
1-9 y/o, female

20
Q

bad prognostics ALL

A 
t(9;22)
11q23
hypOploidy
t(4;11)
infants/adults
21
Q

acute myeloid leukemia

leukemic blasts express…

A

CD13, CD33

22
Q

constitutional symptoms, anemia, lymphocytosis, and thrombocytopenia with resulting petechiae and bleeding

A

acute leukemia

23
Q

acute leukemia more common in kids

A

ALL

peak at 4 y/o

24
Q

acute leukemia more common in adults

A

AML

25
Q

t(14;18)

A

follicular NHL

bcl2 activation

26
Q

hyp__calcemia in tumor lysis syndrome

A

hypOcalcemia (phosphate precipitates w/ ca)

27
Q

dabingatran

A

prophylaxis of stroke w/ afib

28
Q

CHOP

A

cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone

29
Q

hepatitis B reactivation

A

rituximab

30
Q

delayed N/V

A

Cyclophosphamide, cisplatinum, and doxorubicin

31
Q

non-specific cell cycle chemo

A

alkylators
platinums
anthracyclines

32
Q

long term effects of _____ include sterility and increased risk of secondary leukemias

A

alkylating therapy

33
Q

danazol

A

androgen

suppresses gonadotrophin production and has pro-androgenic effects through direct action on the androgen receptor

34
Q

androgen-inhibitors are mainly used to treat

A

PROSTATE CANCERS

35
Q

_______ are begun prior to initiation of GnRH analogs specifically to block “tumor flare” induced by the initial increase in androgen synthesis.

A

Androgen receptor inhibitors (bicalutamide, flutamide)

36
Q

____ does prolong survival in CML but at the cost of unpleasant side effects

A

Interferon alpha

37
Q

______ is the only curative treatment currently available for CML, but is associated with significant morbidity and mortality

A

Allogeneic HSCT

38
Q

T/F

EBV is associated w/ hepatocellular carcinoma

A

F

39
Q

T/F

Sources of stem cells for hematopoietic transplantation include irradiated wbc

A

F

40
Q

cryoglobinemia is associated with which virus

A

hep C

41
Q

5q syndrome has a better prognosis for

A

MDS

42
Q

autologous transplant

A

malignant and autoimmune

Emma Heme/Onc (16 decks)

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