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Chemistry > Soil Validation > Flashcards

Soil Validation Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an acid

A

A substance that produces H+ ions in a solution

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2
Q

Properties of an acid

A
  • Turns litmus indicator red
  • Corrosive
  • Sour taste
  • Reacts with bases
  • Have a pH lower than 7
  • Conduct an electric current
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3
Q

Common acids

A
  • Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
  • Sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
  • Nitric acid (HNO3)
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4
Q

HCl Use

A

Hydrochloric acid is present in stomach acid to help break down proteins

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5
Q

H2SO4 use

A

Sulfuric acid is used in car batteries and in the manufacture of fertilisers and detergents.

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6
Q

HNO3 use

A

Nitric acid is used in the manufacture of fertilisers, dyes and explosives

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7
Q

What is a base

A

A substance that produces OH- ions in a solution.

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8
Q

Properties of a base

A
  • Turns litmus indicator blue
  • Caustic and feel slippery
  • Bitter taste
  • Reacts with acids
  • Have a pH greater than 7
  • Conduct and electric current
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9
Q

Common bases

A
  • Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
  • Ammonia (NH3)
  • Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)
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10
Q

NaOH use

A

Sodium hydroxide is used in drain and oven cleaners, and soap making

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11
Q

NH3 use

A

Ammonia is used in household cleaners, fertilizers and explosives

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12
Q

Ca(OH)2 use

A

Calcium hydroxide is found in cement and mortar; used in garden lime to adjust pH

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13
Q

What is pH

A

The measure of basicity or acidity of a substance.

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14
Q

Controlled variables

A
  • Volume of acid
  • Mass of substance
  • Surface area of substance
  • Temperature of solution
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15
Q

Why is it important to control other variables

A
  • State which variables to control
  • So it does not affect rate of dissolution and skew the results
    -Affecting the accuracy of the data collected
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16
Q

Why would you carry out multiple trials

A
  • To increase reliability and accuracy of the data
  • Calculating average helps to minimize amount of random errors
  • More representative of the true effect of (substance)
17
Q

Scientific conclusion

A
  • As … increases/decreases, time taken for …. dissolution is increased/decreased.
  • Provide 2 numerical data points
18
Q

How to increase reliability of experiment

A

Repeating the experiment multiple times and calculating average.

19
Q

How to increase validity of experiment

A

Increase the number of controlled variables to ensure only independent variable is having an impact on the experiment.

Chemistry (9 decks)

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