Soil Flashcards
What is soil degradation?
the physical, chemical and biological decline in soil quality
Why is soil an essential part of ecosystems?
It provides nutrients to crops and forests which allow other organisms to thrive as well.
What are two causes of soil degradation?
Many farming practices are major contributors to soil degradation. Some examples of this are deforestation and overgrazing.
When we cut down trees we are removing the cover soil has against erosion which can affect soil structure, nutrients, compaction, and salinity.
How does soil degradation contribute to climate change?
Soil is essential in preventing carbon from entering the atmosphere since it stores carbon. It is also important because without good quality soil there is poor plant growth which reduces the amount of carbon taken in.
How does soil degradation negatively impact humans
Aside from contributing to climate change, soil degradation can also impact humans with landslides, floods, and decline in global food production.
What are three solutions to restoring soil quality?
Conservation tillage:
A method of soil cultivation that involves leaving last year’s crop residue on the fields before planting new crops, which helps reduce soil erosion and runoff.
Crop rotation:
The method of growing a series of different crops in one area throughout different seasons. This can help reduce how reliant plants are on certain nutrients and also decrease the possibility of developing resistant pests and weeds.
Polyculture:
The method of simultaneously cultivating an area for various compatible crops. Polyculture can limit the use of pesticides and increase environmental sustainability.
What is vertical farming?
Vertical farming allows you to get more done in a smaller area which is especially useful for places with limited land. It also uses no pesticides by keeping pests out naturally, removing the possibility of any chemical-related issues down the line.
