Software Principles Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the difference between applications and systems software?

A

Applications software is utilised directly by the end-user whereas systems software ensures the high performance of the computer.

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2
Q

Give 3 examples of utilities.

A

Three examples of utilities are: Compression Disk defragmentation Antivirus Automatic backup Automatic updating.

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3
Q

What are three advantages of using closed source code?

A

High levels of security as it is developed in a professional controlled environment. Expert support and user manuals from company. Thorough regular and well-tested updates.

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4
Q

State three features of open source code.

A
  1. Does not require a license to be used. 2. Distributed with the source code. 3. 1. Can be modified and sold on.
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5
Q

Give two advantages of using compiled code over interpreted code.

A
  1. Faster to execute. 2. Does not require a compiler to run.
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6
Q

Give three advantages of using interpreted code over compiled code.

A
  1. Is platform independent. 2. Runs instantly without time waiting for compilation. 3. Useful for debugging.
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7
Q

What is assembly language?

A

A low-level language that has almost a one-to-one relationship with machine code. It is platform specific.

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8
Q

What are the stages of compilation?

A

Lexical analysis Syntax analysis Code generation Optimisation.

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9
Q

What happens during syntax analysis?

A
  1. Tokens are compared to the rules of the programming language. 2. Syntax errors are identified. 3. Symbol table updated with more details. 4. Semantic analysis finding logic errors.
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10
Q

What are the similarities between static and dynamic linkers?

A

Both link external modules and libraries to main program.

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11
Q

What is the difference between static and dynamic linkers?

A

Static: Library code copied into the file increasing file size. Dynamic: Addresses of libraries included within file external updates automatically feed through to main program.

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12
Q

Give three advantages of using libraries.

A
  1. Error-free. 2. Save time. 3. Re-usable. 4. No need to reinvent the wheel. 5. Designed by experts.
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13
Q

Describe the function of a loader.

A

Provided by the operating system a loader retrieves the library or subroutine from the given memory location.

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14
Q

What is the purpose of the optimisation stage of compilation?

A
  1. Reduce execution time. 2. Reduce inefficient sections of code. 3. Remove redundant code.
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