Software Flashcards
What is software?
The set of programs run by a computer system
What are the two types software is divided into?
-Applications software
- system software
How is system software usually divided into?(2)
- Operating systems
- utility software
What is application software?
Software that performs a task that would otherwise be done by hand.
What is operating system?
Software design for a particular hardware and which managers other programs access to the hardware.
What is utility software?
Software that does a usual job for the user that is not essential to the operating system and not the reason for using a computer.
What is system software?
Operating system and utility software.
What is application programming interface (API)
Code that allows to programs to communicate with each other.
Give three examples of operating system(OS)?
-Windows.
- Linux.
-Android.
What is scheduling?
The algorithm that the OS uses to allow each running process to use CPU.
What is paging?
The algorithm that the OS uses to move programs from Ram to disk and back again when needed once main memory is full.
What is concurrent
Processors that run at the same time a described as being concurrent.
What is authentication?
The process of proving to a computer system who you are.
What is user interface?
The way the user interacts with the operating system.
What is multitasking
Running multiple applications at the same time by giving each application small time slice of processor time.
What are the two tie important pieces of hardware that have to be shared?
- RAM
- CPU
What are the three areas / tools that utilities software can be split into?
-Basic tools
- file management
- security
What are the five file management tools?
- file repair
- backup
- data compression
- De fragmentation
- anti- mal ware.
What is backup
Copy copy of files in another location so that they are still available if the original copy is damaged or lost.
What are the two types of backups
- Full backups
- incremental backups
What is defragmentation
- utilities reorganize files on a hard disk, putting fragments of files back together and it collects together free space.
What is the defragmenter?
Are utility that moves file plasters on a disc so they are closer to each other in order to speed up disc access.
What is the benefit of defragmentation?
- This reduces the movement of read/write head across the surface of the disk, which speeds up file access.
What is virus?
Software that is designed to make and distribute copies of itself this is usually for a malicious purpose.
What is firewall?
Are utility that controls program access to the network both incoming and outgoing.
What is spyware?
Software possibly a virus that is designed to be installed secretly on a computer. it records private information as the user enters it.
What is “what if question”?
Running a computer model with given set of inputs to see what the model producers as a output or prediction.
Give three examples of computer models?
- flight simulator
- weather forecast
- earthquake prediction
What are neural networks?
Networks that process information in similar way to human brains and learn and adapt overtime.
