Soft Tissue Structure And Function Flashcards
What are the four types of tissue
Epithelial, connective, nervous, muscle
Give a brief overview of epithelial tissue
Glands provide fluid secretions, glands are attached or derived from epithelia, cells are bound closely together and have a exposed surface, avascular, continuously replaced
What are the functions of epithelial tissue
Physical protection, protect exposed internal surfaces from abrasion and dehydration and destruction from chemical agents
Controls permeability:any substance entering or leaving the body must cross an epithelium, the permeability is variable E.G skin is impermeable
Provide sensation- large sensory nerve supply continuously providing information
Produced specialised secretions- secretions produced by glands are either discharged onto the surface of the epithelia or released into intestinal fluid or blood
Describe the structure of the epithelial cells
There’s a basal surface where the cell attaches to either more epithelial cells or deep tissue, connective tissue
Mitochondria- provide energy
Nucleus- controls cell, DNA
Microvilli- increase surface area, efficient absorption and secretion
Cillia- move substances E.G mucus from lungs to throat
Classification of epithelium cells
Number of layers, shape of cell
What’s an endocrine gland
Ductless glands which secrete hormones into cellular spaces, then blood, regulate or co ordinate activities of various organs and systems
What’s an exocrine gland
They secrete products into ducts that empty onto the epithelial surface, E.G digestive enzymes
What’s connective tissue
Occurs throughout the body, never exposed to outside environment, connects epithelial tissue to the rest of the body, many are highly vascular and fill internal spaces
What’s loose connective tissue/ Arieola tissue
Made up of loosely packed collagen tissue and elastin fibres found throughout body, fills spaces around organs, resilient
What’s adipose connective tissue
Similar structure to loose connective tissue but has a higher proportion of fat cells, provides padding and absorbs shock, provides energy, present in fat pads
What’s dense/ fibrous connective tissue (regular)
Made up of densely packed collagen fibres E.G tendons and ligaments
What’s dense/ fibrous connective tissue ( irregular)
Connective tissue fibres are interwoven allows tissue to be subjected to stress E.G in the dermis
What’s fluid connective tissue
Blood and lymph transport cells and dissolve materials around the body, large lymph nodes can indicate infection
What’s supporting connective tissue
Cartilage and bone, cartilage is found in joints particularly articular surfaces, protects the bone, reduces friction between bone surfaces composed of densely packed collagen fibres so it can withstand compression, support allows movement, attachment point for muscles, protects organs
What are the functions of connective tissue
Establishes a structural framework for the body
Transports fluids and dissolved materials
Protects delicate organs
Supports surrounds and connects other tissues
Adipose tissue stores energy
Helps to defend from invading micro organisms
