Soft Tissue: Healing Flashcards
Definition of a sprain
A stretch and/or tear of a ligament, the fibrous bands of connective tissue that joins one Ned of a bone to another, ligaments stabilise the body’s joints
Definition of a strain
Involves over contracting or lengthening a muscle causing tearing or collagen, muscles prone to injury include the hamstrings
Give an example of an external force which could cause a strain
Contraction or lengthening
Give an external force which could cause a strain
Getting kicked
What’s a grade 1 sprain or strain
Ligament overstretched with only a micro tear, localised pain/ tenderness, no visible bruising, minimal swelling, minimal loss of function
What’s a grade 2 sprain or strain
Partial tear of ligament/ muscle, immediate onset of inflammatory signs, swelling, bruising, redness, pain
What’s a grade 3 sprain or strain
Complete rupture of ligaments, tendon or muscle, inability to contract muscle, separation may be evident, both immediate acute pain often audible, other cardinal signs later symptoms may be less than grade 2 may require immobilisation or surgery
What’s the British athletics muscle injury classification
A new system grading from 0-4, introduces imagery, grade 0- referred pain usually following exercise, grade 1- small muscular tear, grade 2- moderate muscular tear, grade 3- extensive muscular tear, grade 4- full thickness tear of muscle or tendon
Factors that cause tissue damage
Injury- physical, thermal, radiation, electrical
Infection- bacteria, fungi, viruses, Protozoa
Infarction- obstruction in blood supply to heart
Immune reactions- allergic reactions, autoimmunity
Name the types of body tissue
Parenchyma tissue- functioning cells of organs E.G epithelial
Stromal tissue- intestinal tissue
Supporting connective tissue- contains many cell types, blood vessels and nerve endings
What is the first type of tissue healing
Resolution- rapid healing of mild injury, epithelial cells slough and regenerate without incident
What’s the second type of tissue healing
Tissue regeneration- specialised tissue replaced by the proliferation of surrounding undamaged specialised cells E.G injured tissue replaced with parenchyma
What’s the third type of tissue healing
Tissue repair- lost tissue is replaced by granulation tissue which matures to form scar tissue
What is the regeneration of labile cells like
Constant turnover I.e skin cells
What is the regeneration of stable cells like
They usually stop growing once growth stops, requires a supportive network, fixed non dividing cells, can’t undergo mitosis i.e nerve, muscle and cardiac
