Lifespan Development 2 Flashcards
What happens in early adult hood
Most physically capable, intellectual, social and emotional development
What happens in middle age
Menopause, signs of degeneration, generally good health
What happens in old ag e
Retirement
What is primary ageing
The body’s natural deterioration
What is secondary ageing
Results from disease and poor health practices
What happens when tissue ages
Maintenance slows down, tissue repair decreases, structure and chemical composition alters, alterations to skin, thinning of the epidermis and dermis, blood supply decreases, wrinkles and hair loss
How does ageing affect immunity
T cells are less therefore B cells are less responsive, increased incidence of cancer, elderly and very young most at risk due to degeneration of immune system
How does ageing affect the digestion, urinary and reproductive systems
There’s a decline in offactory sensitivity = loss of appetite, loss of teeth, reduction in gut mobility, if things aren’t moving through system, decline in appetite, decrease in kidney function due to lack of response to hormones and hormone circulation, weakened by bladder tissues compounded by enlarged prostates, menopause and andropause- sex hormones
How does ageing affect the musculoskeletal system
Muscle fibres become smaller in diameter, skeletal muscle less elastic, inability to cope with by products of exercise, tolerance to exercise decreases and ability to recover from injury
How does ageing affect bones
Osteopenia, osteoarthritis, loss of height, osteoporosis
How does ageing affect the cardiovascular system
Reduction in cardiac output, changes to conducting cells, reduction of elasticity of cardiac muscle, less red blood cells= anaemia, diet can come into play, atherosclerosis- disease in which artery narrows due to build up of plaque increased risk of aneurysm, decreased function of valves in veins can lead to varicose veins
How does ageing affect the respiratory system
Decrease in vital capacity, increase in residual volume, stiffening of the rib cage
How does ageing affect the neurological system
Brain decrease in size and weight, loss of neurones, decreased blood flow, atherosclerosis can affect this, less oxygen can affect brain function, taste, sight, touch and smell may be affected, decreased reaction time
The consequences of ageing on the neurological system
Reduced mobility= falls, exercise tolerance being sedentary can further affect systems
