Soft Tissue And MFR Principles

Question 1

Active motion

Answer 1

Voluntary movement by pt.

1. Use muscles
2. (F)ROM = (full) range of motion

Question 2

Passive motion

Answer 2

Movement by dr. While pt. Relaxed

1. Not using muscles
2. PROM= passive range of motion

Question 3

Physiologic barrier

Answer 3

End point of AROM

1. Inc. w/ warm up exercises or stretches

Question 4

Anatomic barrier

Answer 4

Limit of motion by anatomic structures

Question 5

Elastic barrier

Answer 5

Felt at end of AROM

1. Between physiological and anatomic barrier
2. Where ligamentous stretch occurs

Question 6

Restrictive barrier

Answer 6

Obstacle to movement w/in physiological ROM

1. Dec. active motion available

Question 7

Pathological barrier

Answer 7

Permanent restriction of AROM and PROM w/ permanent tissue change (contracture)

Question 8

Somatic dysfunction

Answer 8

1. Generally reversible
2. “Impaired/altered fxn of related components of somatic system:”
   A. Skeletal
   B. Arthrodial
   C. Myofascial structures
   D. Related vascular , lymphatic, and neural elements
3. How it happens:
   A. Stress on body that alters tissues
   
   1. Can’t return on their own
      B. Functional and positional change
      C. Muscle length and tone can’t return to normal

Question 9

Structural damage

Answer 9

1. Irreversible
2. Disrupted tissue
3. Fibroid/scarred tissue
4. Deformed/malformed tissue

Question 10

TART

Answer 10

1. Tissue texture abnormalities
  A. Temp
  B. Moisture
  C. Bogginess
  D. Ropiness 
  E. Red reflex
2. Asymmetry
  A. Static
  B. Regional
  C. Segmental
3. Restriction ROM
  A. Superficial fascia
  B. Muscles
  C. Deep fascia
  D. Joints
4. Tenderness

Question 11

Indirect techniques

Answer 11

1. Counterstrain
2. Facilitated positional release (FPR)
3. Functional method

Question 12

Direct techniques

Answer 12

1. Articulatory
2. Muscle energy
3. HVLA
4. Soft tissues

Question 13

Direct/indirect techniques

Answer 13

1. Visceral manipulation
2. Cranial manipulation
3. Still technique
4. Lymphatic techniques
5. MFR
6. Balanced ligamentous tension (BLT)
7. Ligamentous articulatory strain (LAS)

Question 14

Fascia properties

Answer 14

1. Originates from mesoderm
2. Mechanoreceptors
   A. Golgi tendon organ (tension)
   B. Pacinian corpuscles
   C. Ruffini endings
   D. Interstitial (free nerve endings)
3. Viscosity
4. Stress: rxns in body to forces of deleterious nature
5. Strain: change in shape when acted on by external force
6. Relaxation: reduce tension between origin and insertion

Question 15

Fascia fxns

Answer 15

1. Packaging
2. Protection
3. Posture
4. Passageways
5. Fascial continuity

Question 16

Hooke’s law

Answer 16

Stresses and strains proportional to force applied

1. Assumption: elastic limit not exceeded
2. Will return -> original shape when stress removed

Question 17

Newton’s 3rd law

Answer 17

Every action has an equal and opposite rxn

Question 18

Davis’s law

Answer 18

Every change in form of soft tissue, or in its fxn alone -> change in internal architecture and secondary change in external conformation

Question 19

Elasticity

Answer 19

Ability of CT to return to resting shape

Question 20

Plasticity

Answer 20

Ability of CT to retain shape by deformation

1. Caused by load > yield strength of tissue

Question 21

MFR subcategories

Answer 21

1. Balanced lig. Tension (BLT)
2. Facilitated positional range (FPR)
3. Fascial lig. Release (FLR)
4. Facilitated oscillatory release (FOR)
5. Lig. Articular strain (LAS)
6. Integrated neuromusculoskeletal release (INR)
7. Fascial unwinding