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OMM > Postural Assessment Principles > Flashcards

Postural Assessment Principles Flashcards

1
Q

5 models of Osteopathic Tx

A
  1. Biomechanical: physical, joints, and muscles
  2. Respiratory-circulation
  3. Neurological
  4. Metabolic - energy
  5. Behavioral
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2
Q

Postural model

A

Subset of biomechanical

1. Posture: balance of power between gravity and body’s strength

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3
Q

Symmetry

A 
Equality or correspondence in form of parts distributed around:
1. A center/axis
2. At extremities/poles on opposite sides of any body
3. Types:
  A. Visual
    1. Line
    2. Rotational
    3. Point
  B. Auditory
    1. Stereo/asymmetry
  C. Palpatory
  D. Temporal
    1. Balance around axis of time
    2. Certain sort of symmery
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4
Q

Asymmetry

A

Lack of symmetry, disproportion between 2 like parts

  1. Bones
  2. Muscles
  3. Brain hemispheres
  4. Blood vessels
  5. Nerves
  6. Lymphatics
  7. Pair structures not necessarily completely symmetric
  8. Structure and fxn interrelated at all levels
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5
Q

A. T. Still, MD, DO

A 
Find abnormal and adjust if back to normal
1. Manipulation works w/: 
  A. Body’s internal software programs to normalize length, tension, and motion of tissues, blood flow, and neurological fxn
2. Medicine works w/: 
  A. Metabolic pathways
  B. Levels of pathogens
  C. Normalization of many processes
3. Surgery works w/: 
  A. Damaged tissue
  B. Necrotic tissue
  C. Abnormal tissue
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6
Q

Asymmetric presentation

A 
1. Infection
  A. Retropharyngeal abscess (key dx)
2. Inflammation: rheumatoid arthritis
3. Infection + inflammation: septic arthritis 
4. Trauma: ruptured spleen
5. Tumor:
  A. Mega-spleen
  B. Breast lump
  C. Prostate nodule
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7
Q

Arthritis

A
  1. Monoarticular
  2. Polyarticular
  3. Bouchard’s and Heberden’s nodes (osteoarthritis- hand)
  4. Osteoarthritis- knee
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8
Q

Medical types of symmetry

A
  1. Structure
  2. Fxn
  3. Sensation
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9
Q

Symmetry of structure

A

Paired vs. midline or unilateral structures

  1. Ex: breast exam
  2. Visual observation
  3. Tissue texture
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10
Q

Symmetry of fxn

A
  1. Ex: equal motor strength
  2. Neurology
  3. Orthopedics
  4. Cardiovascular
  5. Restricted motion
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11
Q

Symmetry of sensation

A
  1. Tenderness

2. Hypoalgesia

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12
Q

Symmetry in diagnostics

A
  1. Physical exam
  2. Observation/evaluation
    A. Gait
    B. Landmarks
    C. Hearing
  3. Palpitation
    A. Pulses
    B. Tissue textures
    C. Organ sizes
  4. Special tests
    A. Motor strength
    B. Sensation
    C. Reflexes
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13
Q

Principles of examination

A
  1. Examine good side first

2. Have to know normal before you can spot abnormal

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14
Q

Static asymmetry

A
  1. Landmarks
  2. Anatomical anomalies
  3. Indications of altered fxn
  4. Trophism
  5. Hx of injury
  6. Physiological effects
    *What it means:
    A. Tight muscles -> distorted shape
    B. Scar tissue -> distorted shape
    C. Habitual posture indicates past trauma and has asymmetric adaptive muscle tension set pts.
    D. Somatic dysfxn
    1. Tissue texture abnormal
    2. Static landmark asymmetry
    3. Restriction of motion
    4. Tenderness (sensitivity)
      E. Affects physiology
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15
Q

Static asymmetry hardware

A
  1. Anatomical anomaly
  2. Hypertrophy
  3. Overuse
  4. Atrophy
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16
Q

Static asymmetry software

A
  1. Unequal tone
  2. Unequal length
  3. Unequal fluid flow/retention
17
Q

Static asymmetry causes

A
  1. Congenital malformations
  2. Trophism
  3. Hx of injury
  4. Indication of alternate fxn
  5. Psychological conditions
18
Q

Chest structural anomalies

A 
1. Pectus carinatus
  A. Sternum protrudes
  B. Pigeon-chest
2. Pectus excavatum
  A. Sternum indents
  B. Funnel-chest
19
Q

Knee structural anomalies

A
  1. Genu varus: bow legged
  2. Genu valgum
    A. Knock-knees
    B. Legs like “L”
  3. Genu recurvatum: hyperextension of knee junction
  4. Patella Alta: superior patella
  5. Patella Baja: inferior patella
20
Q

Feet structural asymmetry

A
  1. Pes cavus: high arch

2. Pes planus: flat feet

OMM (16 decks)

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