Socrative Congenital And Trauma Review Flashcards
Which of the following anomalies is commonly associated with a ureterocele?
- Compensatory hypertrophy
- Horseshoe kidney
- Duplicated collecting systems
- Ectopic kidney
Duplicated collecting system
Which of the following occurs as a result of incomplete fusion during normal fetal development?
- Fetal lobulation
- Junctional parenchymal defect
- Renal ectopia
- Hypertrophied columns of Bertin
Junctional parenchymal defect
On ultrasound of a 6 week old male infant, the pyloric canal is found to be 12 mm in length with a single wall thickness of 2mm. What does this represent?
- Volvulus
- Inflammation of the pylorus
- Hypertrophic pylorus stenosis
- A normal examination
A normal examination
These numbers are normal
What is the most common cause of bilateral hydronephrosis in a male infant?
- Posterior urethral valves
- Bilateral UPJ obstruction
- Bilateral UVJ obstruction
- Multi cystic dysplastic kidney disease
Posterior Urethral valves
What is the term for the condition in which the head of the pancreas surrounds the second part of the duodenum
- Ectopic pancreas
- Annular pancreas
- Pancreatic divisum
- Hypertrophic pancreas
Annular pancreas
What is the most common location for an accessory spleen?
- Near the splenic hilum
- At the inferior margin of the spleen
- In the thoracic cavity
- In the scrotum
Near the splenic hilum
Which of the following terms is used to describe a urachus that is closed at the umbilical end of the bladder end, but dilated in the middle?
- Patent urachus
- Urachal diverticulum
- Urachal sinus
- Urachal cyst
Urachal cyst
With which of the following conditions would compensatory hypertrophy most likely occur?
- Bilateral renal agenesis
- Left nephrectomy
- Left duplicated collecting system
- Medical renal disease
Left necphrectomy
Which of the following describes a congenital anomaly in which the upper pole of one kidney is fused to the lower pole of the other?
- Supranumerary kidney
- Horseshoe kidney
- Crossed ectopia
- Pelvic kidney
Crossed ectopia
Which of the following statements regarding MCDK disease is most accurate?
- It’s a genetic condition
- It is a congenital developmental condition
- It’s a congenital condition of unknown etiology
- It is not a congenital condition
It is a congenital developmental condition
What is the most common cause of hemabilia?
- Liver biopsy
- Blunt abdominal trauma
- Cholecystitis
- HCC
Liver biopsy
Which of the following would best describe the appearance of a subcapsular hematoma?
- Free fluid in Morison’s Pouch
- A linear defect that extends through the kidney
- A perirenal fluid collection that follows the renal contour
- A fluid collection within the collecting system
A perirenal fluid collection that follows the renal contour
Which sonographic term is most likely to describe the appearance of an acute adrenal hemorrhage in a newborn?
- Complex
- Echogenic
- Hypechoic
- Anechoic
Echogenic
What is an irreducible hernia with a interrupted blood supply called?
- An indirect hernia
- A direct hernia
- An incarcerated hernia
- A strangulated hernia
A strangulated hernia
What is the name given a spontaneous hernia involving the lateral abdominal wall?
- Ventral hernia
- Spigelian hernia
- Lumbar hernia
- Lateral hernia
Spigelian hernia
What history are most bladder traumas associated with?
- Biopsy’s procedure
- Pelvic surgery
- Cystoscopy procedure
- Pelvic fractures
Pelvic fractures
Which area of the liver is most susceptible to hemorrhage?
- Posterior right lobe
- Anterior right lobe
- Medial left lobe
- Lateral left lobe
Posterior right lobe
A FAST scan is generally performed in the emergency department to detect the prescence of?
- Blood flow
- Fluid
- Disease
Fluid
What does a hematocrit measure?
- Total blood loss
- The volume of RBCs in a whole blood sample
- The volume of RBCs and WBCs in a white blood sample
The volume of RBCs in a whole blood sample
A 57 year old male complains of persistent RUQ pain for 6 days post liver biopsy. Lab results indicate a normal white blood cell count and decreased hematocrit.
Based on the history and image provided, what is the most likely diagnosis?
- Biloma
- Abscess
- Hematoma
- Liver necrosis
Hematoma
A 20 year old males presents with a history of recent trauma. The associated image reveals the ultrasound findings in LUQ.
Which one of the following statements best describes the findings?
- Pleural effusion, subcapsular bleed, splenic laceration
- Pleural effusion, ascites, splenic laceration
- Pneumothorax, capsule tear, splenic laceration
- Pneumothorax, capsule tear, hemoperiteneum
Pleural effusion, sub-capsular bleed, splenic laceration
What gallbladder variant is present in this image?
- Hartman pouc
- Junctional fold
- Phrygian cap
- Duplication
Phrygian cap
A 50 year old female presents to the U/S department for an abdominal u/s after underwing an ERCP procedure to treat biliary tract obstruction. U/S examination reveals bright, echogenic linear interface with ring down artifact in the liver running in the same direction as the portal veins.
What is the most likely cause of this artifact?
- Hepatitis
- Pneumobila
- Hemobilia
- Ascending cholangitis
Pneumobilia
What is the finding in this ultrasound image?
- Dromedary hump
- Duplicated collecting system
- Junctional parenchymal defect
- Hypertrophied column of bertin
Duplicated collecting system
What is the finding in this ultrasound image?
- Normal kidney
- Ectopic kidney
- Hypoplastic kidney
- Supranumary Kidney
Ectopic kidney
The anechoic area is the bladder, and the kidney on the left is the right kidney
The appearence of this bladder on a 10 day old infant is the most consistent with which of the following conditions?
- Ureterocele
- UPJ obstruction
- Bladder entropy
- Posterior uretheral valves
Posterior uretheral valves
Transverse liver in a 1 month old male infant. What is the most likely diagnosis?
- Ectopia
- Biliary atresia
- Situs inversus
- Partial liver agenesis
Situs inversus
