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DMST ABD 3 > Socrative Congenital And Trauma Review > Flashcards

Socrative Congenital And Trauma Review Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following anomalies is commonly associated with a ureterocele?

  1. Compensatory hypertrophy
  2. Horseshoe kidney
  3. Duplicated collecting systems
  4. Ectopic kidney
A

Duplicated collecting system

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2
Q

Which of the following occurs as a result of incomplete fusion during normal fetal development?

  1. Fetal lobulation
  2. Junctional parenchymal defect
  3. Renal ectopia
  4. Hypertrophied columns of Bertin
A

Junctional parenchymal defect

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3
Q

On ultrasound of a 6 week old male infant, the pyloric canal is found to be 12 mm in length with a single wall thickness of 2mm. What does this represent?

  1. Volvulus
  2. Inflammation of the pylorus
  3. Hypertrophic pylorus stenosis
  4. A normal examination
A

A normal examination

These numbers are normal

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4
Q

What is the most common cause of bilateral hydronephrosis in a male infant?

  1. Posterior urethral valves
  2. Bilateral UPJ obstruction
  3. Bilateral UVJ obstruction
  4. Multi cystic dysplastic kidney disease
A

Posterior Urethral valves

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5
Q

What is the term for the condition in which the head of the pancreas surrounds the second part of the duodenum

  1. Ectopic pancreas
  2. Annular pancreas
  3. Pancreatic divisum
  4. Hypertrophic pancreas
A

Annular pancreas

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6
Q

What is the most common location for an accessory spleen?

  1. Near the splenic hilum
  2. At the inferior margin of the spleen
  3. In the thoracic cavity
  4. In the scrotum
A

Near the splenic hilum

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7
Q

Which of the following terms is used to describe a urachus that is closed at the umbilical end of the bladder end, but dilated in the middle?

  1. Patent urachus
  2. Urachal diverticulum
  3. Urachal sinus
  4. Urachal cyst
A

Urachal cyst

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8
Q

With which of the following conditions would compensatory hypertrophy most likely occur?

  1. Bilateral renal agenesis
  2. Left nephrectomy
  3. Left duplicated collecting system
  4. Medical renal disease
A

Left necphrectomy

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9
Q

Which of the following describes a congenital anomaly in which the upper pole of one kidney is fused to the lower pole of the other?

  1. Supranumerary kidney
  2. Horseshoe kidney
  3. Crossed ectopia
  4. Pelvic kidney
A

Crossed ectopia

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10
Q

Which of the following statements regarding MCDK disease is most accurate?

  1. It’s a genetic condition
  2. It is a congenital developmental condition
  3. It’s a congenital condition of unknown etiology
  4. It is not a congenital condition
A

It is a congenital developmental condition

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11
Q

What is the most common cause of hemabilia?

  1. Liver biopsy
  2. Blunt abdominal trauma
  3. Cholecystitis
  4. HCC
A

Liver biopsy

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12
Q

Which of the following would best describe the appearance of a subcapsular hematoma?

  1. Free fluid in Morison’s Pouch
  2. A linear defect that extends through the kidney
  3. A perirenal fluid collection that follows the renal contour
  4. A fluid collection within the collecting system
A

A perirenal fluid collection that follows the renal contour

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13
Q

Which sonographic term is most likely to describe the appearance of an acute adrenal hemorrhage in a newborn?

  1. Complex
  2. Echogenic
  3. Hypechoic
  4. Anechoic
A

Echogenic

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14
Q

What is an irreducible hernia with a interrupted blood supply called?

  1. An indirect hernia
  2. A direct hernia
  3. An incarcerated hernia
  4. A strangulated hernia
A

A strangulated hernia

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15
Q

What is the name given a spontaneous hernia involving the lateral abdominal wall?

  1. Ventral hernia
  2. Spigelian hernia
  3. Lumbar hernia
  4. Lateral hernia
A

Spigelian hernia

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16
Q

What history are most bladder traumas associated with?

  1. Biopsy’s procedure
  2. Pelvic surgery
  3. Cystoscopy procedure
  4. Pelvic fractures
A

Pelvic fractures

17
Q

Which area of the liver is most susceptible to hemorrhage?

  1. Posterior right lobe
  2. Anterior right lobe
  3. Medial left lobe
  4. Lateral left lobe
A

Posterior right lobe

18
Q

A FAST scan is generally performed in the emergency department to detect the prescence of?

  1. Blood flow
  2. Fluid
  3. Disease
A

Fluid

19
Q

What does a hematocrit measure?

  1. Total blood loss
  2. The volume of RBCs in a whole blood sample
  3. The volume of RBCs and WBCs in a white blood sample
A

The volume of RBCs in a whole blood sample

20
Q

A 57 year old male complains of persistent RUQ pain for 6 days post liver biopsy. Lab results indicate a normal white blood cell count and decreased hematocrit.

Based on the history and image provided, what is the most likely diagnosis?

  1. Biloma
  2. Abscess
  3. Hematoma
  4. Liver necrosis
A

Hematoma

21
Q

A 20 year old males presents with a history of recent trauma. The associated image reveals the ultrasound findings in LUQ.

Which one of the following statements best describes the findings?

  1. Pleural effusion, subcapsular bleed, splenic laceration
  2. Pleural effusion, ascites, splenic laceration
  3. Pneumothorax, capsule tear, splenic laceration
  4. Pneumothorax, capsule tear, hemoperiteneum
A

Pleural effusion, sub-capsular bleed, splenic laceration

22
Q

What gallbladder variant is present in this image?

  1. Hartman pouc
  2. Junctional fold
  3. Phrygian cap
  4. Duplication
A

Phrygian cap

23
Q

A 50 year old female presents to the U/S department for an abdominal u/s after underwing an ERCP procedure to treat biliary tract obstruction. U/S examination reveals bright, echogenic linear interface with ring down artifact in the liver running in the same direction as the portal veins.

What is the most likely cause of this artifact?

  1. Hepatitis
  2. Pneumobila
  3. Hemobilia
  4. Ascending cholangitis
A

Pneumobilia

24
Q

What is the finding in this ultrasound image?

  1. Dromedary hump
  2. Duplicated collecting system
  3. Junctional parenchymal defect
  4. Hypertrophied column of bertin
A

Duplicated collecting system

25
Q

What is the finding in this ultrasound image?

  1. Normal kidney
  2. Ectopic kidney
  3. Hypoplastic kidney
  4. Supranumary Kidney
A

Ectopic kidney

The anechoic area is the bladder, and the kidney on the left is the right kidney

26
Q

The appearence of this bladder on a 10 day old infant is the most consistent with which of the following conditions?

  1. Ureterocele
  2. UPJ obstruction
  3. Bladder entropy
  4. Posterior uretheral valves
A

Posterior uretheral valves

27
Q

Transverse liver in a 1 month old male infant. What is the most likely diagnosis?

  1. Ectopia
  2. Biliary atresia
  3. Situs inversus
  4. Partial liver agenesis
A

Situs inversus

DMST ABD 3 (11 decks)

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