socrates and 7 branches Flashcards
plato
suggests that reality is all ideas–there is a world of ideas, which is the real world because nothing changes
bad because nothing will live up to expectations/ideas because ideas are the real world, but they will never come true or be perfect
socrates and democracy
anti democratic because democracy believes that everyone is educated and will make good decisions, but not all are and majority could be uneducated imbesols. believed people running the city should be philosophers
-ideal republic would be strictly controlled from above, a totalitarian government.
socrates and his voice
socrates listens to his voice inside of him, called it God
socrates superstitions
- everything was run by spirits in his time through mythology and gods
- truth is found through the human intellect
socrates wisest at age 30
the oracle declared him that
socrates and inventing new gods, corrupting the youth
- charged with inventing new gods because he didnt practice athenian religion like other people
- he said he believed god in his own way
- official experience is on the personal level, the voice inside of you
- youth were not joining the army, going against religion, etc after speaking to socrates
socrates and eupatride “well fathered”
- fathers role was very important in greece
- socrates represented the opposite, he was ugly, but he was brilliant
socrates and the scapegoat
- blaming problems, someone has to carry the burden
- socrates was the scapegoat of athens because they lost the war and their city was crumbling
socrates and mourning and regret
- athens regretted killing socrates and knew they had killed one of the wisest people that ever lived
- the city had a day of national mourning condemned the prosecutor to death and banished the accuser
sophists
clever teachers who would coach their students in the art of speech making, charged high fees for teaching
-socrates opposed because he claimed he knew nothing so he could even teach at all
socrates and wisdom
understanding the true nature of our existence including the limits of what we can know
socrates and writing
did not write down anything
-plato wrote down conversations, called the platonic dialogues
platonic theory of forms
focus on the form of something to understand what it really is because humans are led astray by the world if they grasp it with their own senses
socrates and art
would have banned most art–it gave false representations of reality
Quantum mechanics
“Physics of possibilities”
Who sees? Does the brain see or do the eyes see?
The brain doesn’t know the difference between what it sees and what it remembers, so, which is reality?
Do our eyes see more than our brain has the conscious ability to project?
We are only aware of 2000/4 billion bits of information we receive per second
We construct matter and give it meaning, but matter really is nothing
Life is thought that permeates everything, we already create our futures as we think about them at the moment
Religion strips people from the need to be responsible, it says accept you will never know, and just take this definition we came up with.
The 7 branches
Epistemology, metaphysics, political philosophy, philosophy of science, ethics, logic, aesthetics
Epistemology
Epsitem: knowledge
Study of knowledge
How do you know what you think you know?
How much is actually assumptions of everything we see vs what is really real?
False memory syndrome: people remember what they believe, and believe it to be 100% true
We need to know if a thought can be verified not if it’s a feeling or a belief
The ability to arrive at actual knowledge
Metaphysics
Meta: after physics, beyond physics, study of the physical world
The ultimate questions about the ultimate reality
How did the world get here?
What is the meaning of life?
Who is god?
A metaphysical concept: the mind, what actually is the mind? We haven’t proven it exists, but we think we can define it
Eternal moments are what are really happening, we just break it into a definition, every point is always there, you can break into infinite moments
Leap years, daylight savings time
Political philosophy
Justifications for power
- capitalism: if I work hard, I will rise to the top, private property, free enterprise, if you attain enough power you can own the world
- socialism: national health care
- communism: all equal
Philosophy of science
Wash hands, gloves, no contact with others
AIDS crisis of 1980s
How people get sick and how to manage it
Being able to arrive at truth through experimentation
Ethics
Moral questions of right and wrong
What is permissible and what isn’t?
Logic
Being able to set up well structured arguments
Disciplined way of thinking
Requires very strong premises
“Cigarette smoke causes cancer” no, only in certain situations, millions do not have cancer that smoke
Can you set it up into a logical equation?
Is religion logical?
Aesthetics
Study of beauty
What is beautiful? Applies to art, literature, food
Not a matter of opinion, but a definition of what is really “good”
Disciplined study of beauty
