Sociology-Chapter 1-2.1 Test Study Guide Flashcards
What are the 7 social sciences?
- History
- Anthropology
- Psychology
- Political science
- Geography
- Economics
- Sociology
history
study of the past
Anthropology
study of culture
Psychology
study of individual thoughts and emotions
Political science
study of politics and government
Geography
study of Earth, its resources, and how we use them
Economics
study of money and its resources
sociology
study of group behavior and interaction
point of view
sociological perspective
use of knowledge or reason in a situation
Rationalization
patterned interaction of people in social relationships
Social Structure
ability of individuals to see the relationship b/w events in personal lives and in society
sociological imagination
intended and recognized consequences of an aspect of society
manifest function
unintended and unrecognizable consequences of an aspect of society
latent function
negative consequence of an aspect of society
dysfunction
scientific observation to study behavior/society
positivism
social stability
social statics
social change
social dynamics
the ability of one party to get other parties to do its will
power
something that represents something else with an agreed upon meaning
symbol
owning the means for producing wealth in industrial society
bourgeoisie
the people who own the means for producing wealth in industrial society
Capitalists
Understanding social behavior by putting yourself in the place of others
Verstehen
the approach that depicts human interaction as theatrical performances
Dramaturgy
working class, paid enough to survive
proletariat
social dependency based on a widespread consensus of values and beliefs, enforced conformity, and dependency on tradition and family
mechanical solidarity
social interdependency based on a high degree of specialization in roles
organic solidarity
a sample population is asked a series of questions to respond to
survey
pre collected data in which someone else has already gathered
secondary ananlysis
used in a lab setting, not typically used in social research
experiment
in depth exam of a single group, problem/community
case study
Discuss 2 early European theorists
Auguste Comte (French)
- wrote “Positive Philosophy”
- Believed in scientific observation to study behavior/society
Harriet Martineau (English)
- Feminist
- Believed sociology was a science
- Translated Comte to English
Discuss 2 early American theorists
Jane Addams
- believed problems were caused by imbalance of power among classes
- worked on social problems
- co opened “Hull House”
Booker T. Washington
- founded Tuskegee Institute
- Believed African Americans should accept segregation in return for economic gain
Explain what events were credited for starting the study of society and why
French and industrial revolutions caused people to move from farms to factories
What is theoretical perspective
set of assumptions about an area of study
How many parts are there to theoretical perspective?
3
What are the 3 parts of theoretical perspective
- Functionalism
- Conflict perspective
- Symbolic interactionism
Functionalism
emphasizes the contributions made by each part of society
conflict perspective
emphasizes the role of conflict, competition, and constrain within a society
Symbolic interactionism
approach that focuses on interactions among people based on mutually understood symbols
