sociology Flashcards
He asserts that the self, comprised of self-awareness and self-image, is inseparable from society.
George Herbert Mead
Mead’s theory of Social Behaviorism emphasizes the role of the environment in shaping the self, which develops over time.
Self Development
Children learn through imitation and begin to grasp the meaning of symbols used in communication.
Preparatory Stage (Infancy)
This stage is crucial for socialization, as children develop skills in communication and interaction.
Play Stage (Early Childhood)
Children learn to consider multiple roles and relationships simultaneously, incorporating societal norms and values into their self-concept. The “generalized other” emerges as a representation of societal expectations and values.
Game Stage (Late Childhood)
represents the spontaneous, impulsive, and creative aspect of the self, the subject of action.
The “I”
represents the socialized, self-aware aspect of the self, the object of action, reflecting societal norms and expectations.
The “Me”
The self continues to evolve throughout life, shaped by new experiences and circumstances.
Socialization is a Continuous Process
Charles Horton Cooley’s approach emphasizes the influence of social interaction on self-perception.
Socio-Psychological Approach
This concept suggests that our self-image is shaped by how we perceive others’ reactions to us, forming a reflection of ourselves based on their impressions.
The Looking-Glass Self
Three Phases of Self-Development
Imagination, Evaluation, Feeling
We imagine how we appear to others.
Imagination
We imagine how others judge our appearance.
Evaluation
We develop feelings about ourselves based on these imagined judgments.
Feelings
Cooley notes that self-identity may be based on incorrect perceptions of how others view us, but these perceptions can evolve with positive social experiences.
Potential for Misinterpretation
Erving Goffman’s theory suggests that individuals consciously manage how they present themselves to others to create favorable impressions and meet social expectations.
Impression Management
This approach compares social interaction to a theatrical performance, where individuals perform roles and manage their presentation to achieve desired outcomes.
Dramaturgical Approach
Individuals employ face-saving measures to maintain a positive self-image in embarrassing or challenging situations.
Face-work
