Sociology

Question 1

Micro sociology

Answer 1

Interactions between small groups or individuals in society (eg. families, schools, offices, hospitals)

Question 2

Macro sociology

Answer 2

Studying the big picture impact of large institutions in society on individuals on a large scale, (eg. Interactions such as religion, economy, political and legal systems)

Question 3

Social Systems

Answer 3

the interrelationships between individuals, groups, and institutions forming a coherent whole

Question 4

Institutions

Answer 4

Government: laws, healthcare, housing, inflation
Religion: charities, child services, support groups
Economy: taxes, social benefits, redistribution of wealth
Education: afterschool care, builds career paths
Families: physical needs

Question 5

Functionalism

Answer 5

-when society fails to create conformity through roles and norms, social control mechanisms exist to restore conformity or segregate non conforming individuals

-everyone in society exists to fulfill a purpose

-a society is stable when institutions meet the needs of society

Question 6

social equilibrium

Answer 6

balance and stability of society through socialization or members

Question 7

social control mechanisms

Answer 7

means of controlling society and encouraging conformity and segregating non conforming eg. Laws and prison

Question 8

Social Darwinism

Answer 8

humans that cannot survive on their own do not deserve to live and should not waste societal resources

Question 9

Eugenics

Answer 9

movement advocating for the improvement of a species

Question 10

Eugenics

Answer 10

movement advocating for the improvement of a species

Question 11

Norms

Answer 11

define how to behave in a society in accordance with what is good

Question 12

values

Answer 12

culture’s standard for determining what is good, teaches, and transmits culture’s beliefs, embedded in society

Question 13

Roles

Answer 13

Patterns of behaviour we recognize in each other that represent social status

Question 14

Beliefs

Answer 14

Convictions people hold to be true, collective and individual

Question 15

Conflict Theory

Answer 15

society is in a perpetual state of conflict due to competition over limited goods

Question 16

Social class

Answer 16

Depends on the work that you do, and whether you belong to the bourgeoise or the proletariat
Imbalance of power leads to oppression and exploitation of working class
Defines status

Question 17

Owners (bourgeoisie)

Answer 17

small group of elite that holds and maintains power and wealth

Question 18

Working Class (proletariat)

Answer 18

Large group lacking power, dominated and exploited by working class

Question 19

Hegemony

Answer 19

Social, cultural, ideological or economic influence exerted by dominant group

Question 20

Liberal Feminism

Answer 20

Equal legal rights, outcomes, and opportunities, legal policies are the cause of women’s oppression

Question 21

Radical feminism

Answer 21

Developing separate female culture, radical reordering of society, patriarchy divides rights and power by gender, oppressing women

Question 22

Socialist feminism:

Answer 22

Removal of class divisions, challenging patriarchal systems, recognizing oppression based on sex, race, sexual orientation, and class are all interwoven

Question 23

Intersectionality

Answer 23

Understanding diverse perspectives and experiences of women, how discrimination is caused by many combined factors

Question 24

Symbolic Interactionism

Answer 24

meanings are constructed through social interaction, interaction occurs through symbols, words, definitions, gestures, roles, and rituals, emphasis on the individual within society

1. Humans interact with things based on the meaning ascribed to those things
2. The meaning ascribed to things comes from our interactions with others and society
3. Meanings of things are interpreted by a person in specific situations

Question 25

Threefold process for development of self

Answer 25

1. We see how others react to us 2. We interpret the reactions as positive or negative 3. We develop a sense of self based on those interpretations

Question 26

Constructivism

Answer 26

Extension of symbolic interaction theory that proposes reality is what humans cognitively construct it to be

Question 27

How we construct meaning

Answer 27

Social constructs are develop based on interactions, long lasting constructs are norms, cultural scripts We interact with things based on the meaning we ascribe to them This meaning comes from interactions Meaning is interpreted by an individual based on their circumstances

Question 28

Symbols

Answer 28

Ideas that impose specific meaning on objects

Question 29

Priming

Answer 29

Brain acts as an associative network Ideas are activated by the stimuli they are associated with An encounter with an object or event can prime related concepts and emotions without our awareness Repeated expose to content can bias individuals towards thinking, feeling, and behaving in ways relevant to that content