Psychology 3

Question 1

Hollingsworth

Answer 1

-one of the 1st women to scientifically debunk men’s alleged superiority (feminist psychologist)

Question 2

Harlow

Answer 2

Developmental psychologist that believed infants formed attachments with those who provided affection rather than physical needs like food

Question 3

Ainsworth

Answer 3

Strange situation, dev psychologist that studied attachment theory, anxious, avoidant, and secure attachment

Question 4

Attachment

Answer 4

Specific bond characterized by the qualities of maternal or primary caregiver infant relationships, also one’s overall capacity to form relationships

Question 5

Bonding

Answer 5

Set of behaviours that help lead to an emotional attachment between an infant and a primary caregiver

Question 6

3 Types of Attachment

Answer 6

Secure: care giver is available, supportive, sensitive, and consistent, children have a positive working model and value the presence of their parents, happily explores environment

Avoidant: Caregiver is rejecting, child views themself as unacceptable and unworthy, infants were upset when their parents left but were unresponsive when they returned

Resistant/Anxious attachment: child views themselves negatively, exaggerates emotions for attention, caregiver is inconsistent, infants did not care when the caregiver left or returned

Question 7

Strange Situation

Answer 7

-child is in room with caregiver playing
-stranger comes in and does not interact with child
-parent leaves, stranger tries to console child
-caregiver returns and consoles the child
-caregiver leaves again while a stranger tries to console the child
-caregiver returns and soothes the child again

Question 8

Monkey Experiment

Answer 8

Harlow kept monkeys in a cage with a cloth mother and wire mother
The monkeys preferred the cloth mother because she provided comfort, while the other only offered food
The experiment showed that infants have a need for more than just physical needs, and emotional needs are crucial for attachment
Suggests that love and belonging needs are more important than basic needs in times of distress, contradicting Maslow’s hierarchy

Question 9

Variability Hypothesis

Answer 9

Claimed that there is greater variability among men as a species rather than women in talents and intelligence
Hollingsworth studies 1000 males and 100 female newborns and concluded there was no greater variability in men and that women perform just as well, even when menstruating

Question 10

Label parts of the Brian

Answer 10

TCT HA CLR

Question 11

Neuron

Answer 11

Cell in the brain

Question 12

Neural networks

Answer 12

How neurons communicate with each other, series of connected neurons where information travels along the network, telling us how to do things, the more often a network is used, the stronger it becomes

Question 13

Neural plasticity

Answer 13

The rewiring of networks in our brain, the ability of the brain to change itself

Question 14

Sensory adaptation

Answer 14

The way that we do not perceive stimuli that are relatively constant over prolonged periods of time eg. Clothing on our body

Question 15

Inattentional blindness

Answer 15

Failure to notice something that is completely visible because of a lack of attention

Question 16

Top down and bottom up perception

Answer 16

Top down: using knowledge from past experiences to interpret sensations
Bottom up: using physical sensory stimuli to build perceptions

Question 17

Cortisol

Answer 17

stress hormone

Question 18

Meditation

Answer 18

Mental process that focuses attention on an external object or on a sense of awareness

Question 19

Yoga

Answer 19

series of postures and breathing, exercises that help achieve control of body and mind

Question 20

Perception

Answer 20

how sensory info is organized, interpreted, and consciously experienced based on past experiences