Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Crime > Sociologists > Flashcards

Sociologists Flashcards

1
Q

Who talked about white collar crime?

A

Sutherland (1949)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What did Sutherland (1949) say?

A

White collar crime

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Durkheim says what about crime

A

It’s normal & essential part of healthy society & has 4 functions

  • reinforce whats right and wrong
  • act as a safety valve, lets off steam
  • warning for change e.g. riots
  • creates jobs

However ignores reasons for crime

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Merton says what about crime?

A

Strain theory - crime occurs when people can’t achieve goals normally - theres a strain to get the goals legit

5 people formed -

  • confirmist
  • innovation
  • ritualism
  • retreatism
  • rebellion

Ignores fact not everyone wants the same goals and ignores non utilitarian crimes

Ignores class

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Cohen says what about crime?

A

Subcultural theorist

Status frustration - crime such as vandalism is a reaction amongst w/c due to failing to meet norms of society

Non Utilitarian crimes occur to try to make their points of frustration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cloward and Ohlin say what?

A

3 types of crime

  • criminal subculture (money)
  • conflict subculture (violence)
  • retreatist subculture (drugs)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does Snider say?

The state and law making

A

Argues capitalist society is reluctant to pass laws that regulate the activities of business or threaten profits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Gordon says what about capitalism

A

Crimes a rational response to capitalism and hence is found in all social classes - however it’s shown more as w/c

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does Pearce say about ideological functions of crime and law?

A

Laws often benefit the r/c by giving them a caring face like they care about the workers but really the law is to stop them being prosecuted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Stuart Hall

A

Policing the crisis -

Engineered a moral panic to distract the people from the economic issues by blaming the w/c

Criticism - hall is neo marxist which shows Marxism out dated as public weren’t passive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Taylor, walton and young talk about what?

A

New criminology - (neo-marxism)

Agree capitalist society is based on exploitation.

Laws are made in m/c interests

Capitalism should be replaced by a class less system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Taylor et al says what?

A

Critical criminology -

Criminals arent passive puppets who are shaped by capitalism, they deliberately striving for change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does Webb say about white collar crime?

A

Media give limited coverage of corporate crime which makes it look worse on w/c

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Lemert

A

Interactionist -

Primary deviance is acts that arent labelled as crimes e.g. dodging fares

Secondary deviance - gives a master status as crimes are labelled and are shamed e.g. nonce

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Becker (interactionist)

A

Deviance is in the eye of the beholder.

Social groups create the rules of what makes deviant behaviour

Moral entrepreneurs lead the moral crusade to change a law

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Jock Young (1971) (interactionist)

A

Deviance amplification spiral -

Drugs in nottinghil - police arrest a few for drugs, media make a big deal and causes a moral panic against the folk devil (the smokers), police crack down on drugs which makes drug takers go somewhere else to make it seem like it’s gone away - as they crack down makes it look worse than it is

17
Q

James Q Wilson - right realist

A

Zero tolerance is way to go

Street crime destroys society

18
Q

Wilson and Hernstein (1985)

A

Biosocial theory -

Biological differences - some are naturally more likely to commit crime e.g. extroverts = risk takers or if your less intelligent and more aggresive

19
Q

Rational choice theory

A

Criminal is essentially rational, if the crime has high reward low risk you will do it, weigh up the pros and cons to make a rational choice before hand.

20
Q

Counter for Wilson and Hernstein

Biosocial theory

A

Lily Et Al - IQ accounts for less than 3% of differences in offending

21
Q

Counter for rational choice theory

A

Lily Et Al - If you have a low IQ how can you make a rational choice

22
Q

Right realist way to improve crime?

A
  • prevent
  • punish

Prevent - Pro-active policing and broken window theory create a strong community that will name and shame.

Punish - Zero tolerance - strong presence and work with locals

23
Q

Counter for right realist ways to improve

A

Broken window requires a constant effort, if it isn’t done well it can cause tipping

Tipping - if 2 bad v 1 good will cause crime but if it tips 2 good it will prevent

24
Q

Who says broken window theory?

A

Wilson and Kelling (1982)

25
Q

What do Lea and Young say?

Left Realist

A

Triangle - 3 causes of crime

Relative deprivation - how deprived relative to others around, this will inspire their expectations leading to crime

Marginalisation - no clear goals and no-one to represent them in society

Subcultures - response to blocked oppourtinites - Young 2002 talks about Ghettos In America - fully immersed in american dream due to rap culture

26
Q

What does Lewis Et Al say?

A

London riots 2011 - caused by desire for products and strain on getting them which caused it

27
Q

Who says late modernity?

A

Young (2003) - a media saturated society where we all have the same goals

28
Q

What is intraviolence?

A

Black on black, white on white

29
Q

What does neo marxists say about statistics in offending?

A

Neo marxist - social construct from racism

Left realists - statistics are true

30
Q

What do lea and young say about ethnicities and their offences?

A

There is racism in police but the stats are true, due to britain being racist and EM’s being disadvantaged

Counter - 90% crimes are reported by the public

31
Q

Paul Gilroy?

A

Myth of black criminality -

The cause is not relative deprivation but the legacy of struggling against white dominance

All crime is political

32
Q

Lea and young

Counter for Gilroy

A

Black crime isnt political as majority is black on black.

33
Q

Left realism

Counter for policing the crisis

A

People were afraid of mugging as it was there and increasing, not due to it being used as a scape goat

34
Q

Who says the control theory?

A

Heidensohn -

Control at home, public and work.

35
Q

Carlen

A

Carlen -

Gender and Class deal - w/c have neither so struggle and turn to crime

36
Q

Adler

A

Liberation theory -

Women now have freedom, get to CEO positions which increases white collar crime.

Ladettes

37
Q

Counters for Adler

A

Female crime was rising before Adlers theory

Chivalry thesis - always done it but never seen

Crime (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions