Socioemotional Development – Moral Development Flashcards
A child says that a person who breaks eight dishes by accident should receive more punishment than a person who breaks two dishes on purpose. As described by Piaget, this child is in which stage of moral development?
A. premoral
B. preconventional
C. heteronomous
D. autonomous
Answer C is correct. According to Piaget, when judging behaviors that have negative consequences, children in the heteronomous stage base their judgments primarily on the consequences of the behavior – and the worse the consequences, the worse the behavior.
Kohlberg concluded that:
A. there’s no relationship between stage of moral development and behavior because behavior is affected by so many factors.
B. there’s a strong relationship between stage of moral development and behavior at all stages.
C. the strength of the relationship between stage of moral development and behavior is greatest at the higher stages of development.
D. there’s a relationship between stage of moral development and behavior only when the situation is personally meaningful to the individual.
Answer C is correct. Kohlberg proposed that the ability to predict a person’s behavior from his/her stage of moral development is strongest at the higher stages of development.
With regard to moral development:
A. Piaget and Kohlberg both concluded that peers have a greater influence than parents do.
B. Piaget and Kohlberg both concluded that parents have a greater influence than peers do.
C. Piaget concluded that parents have a greater influence, but Kohlberg concluded that peers have a greater influence.
D. Piaget concluded that peers have a greater influence, but Kohlberg concluded that parents have a greater influence.
Answer A is correct. Piaget and Kohlberg both concluded that interactions with peers have a greater impact than interactions with parents on children’s moral development.
Kohlberg described moral development as depending on which of the following?
A. level of cognitive development
B. level of social perspective-taking
C. level of cognitive development and level of social perspective-taking
D. neither level of cognitive development nor level of social perspective-taking
Answer C is correct. Kohlberg concluded that the stages of moral development are related to a person’s levels of cognitive development and social perspective-taking.
As described by Kohlberg, the conventional level of moral development consists of which of the following stages?
A. selfishness and individual survival
B. “good boy/good girl” and law and order orientation
C. punishment/obedience and instrumental hedonism
D. morality of law and morality of social contract
Answer B is correct. The two stages of the conventional level are the “good boy/good girl” stage and the law and order orientation stage.
A child in the second stage of Kohlberg’s first level of moral development will base his moral judgments of behavior on which of the following?
A. rewards that follow the behavior
B. social approval or disapproval for behavior
C. laws set by an authority that apply to the behavior
D. democratically-chosen laws that apply to the behavior
Answer A is correct. According to Kohlberg, the first level of moral development is the preconventional level, and its second stage is the stage of instrumental hedonism, during which the acceptability of a behavior depends on whether or not it leads to rewards or satisfies the person’s needs.