society 1914-1939 Flashcards
the Addison Act 1919
LG coalition
aim: clear slums and build 800,000 new homes
successes: 170,000 new homes
made housing a government responsibility
failures: way below target due to Geddes axe
the Wheatley Act 1924
Labour
aims: money from state to local authorities increased from £6 to £9/house/year for 40 years instead of 20
successes: benefitted working class
500,000 built by 1933
failures: labour gov didn’t last long, not enough houses built
the greenwood act 1929
Labour
aims: renewed subsidy for council - houses building and sped up clearing of slums
successes: created many jobs
over 700,000 houses were built
4/5 of slum dwellers re-housed
failures: act was suspended between 1931-1934 due to economic struggles
summary of housing
over 1 million council houses built
3 million built by private sector
housing was good quality - many had electricity and open fires
1/3 of poorest families had a hot water supply
2/3 had gas cookers
fishers act 1918
co alition
aims: raised school leaving age to 14
free places for bright cildren in secondary schools
teachers wages were increased
successes: gave working class children more opportunities
failures: relegated under Geddes Axe - more pressing war issues
the haddow report 1926
Baldwin
aims: division in education between primary and secondary schools should come at age 11. 11+ exam determine whether they went to grammar schools or secondary modern
failures: bigger divide as rich families could pay for tutors. most local authorities didnt adopt
successes: laid down roots for future
became national law in 1944
Pensions reform 1919
LG coalition
aims: doubled amount of pensions to 20 shillings as it was previously below the poverty line
could be claimed at 70
labour gov further increased in 1924
successes: above the poverty line and set tone
failures: many people didn’t live to be 70
the widows and orphans and old age pensios 1925
Baldwin
aims: employers, employee and state paid in. 10 shillings a week from 65
successes: more protection
failures: forced savings
not that generous
contributory pensions act 1924
Labour
aims: both employee, employer and state paid into pension
pensioner got 10 shillings a week from 65
failures: forced savings not genuine government support
not that generous
the tuberculosis act 1921
LG
aims: county and borough councils had to provided Sanatoria care and after care to tuberculosis patients. patients put in hospital to stop spread
successes: provided some support
failures: didn’t fix or cure it
more isolation not treatment
the dawson report 1920
LG
aims: hospitals should be linked into a single system - outlined NHS
successes: recognised best means of maintaining health and curing disease should be made available to all citizens
failures: expensive, took 30 years
local government act 1929
Baldwin
aims: ended poor laws
replaced by public assistance committees run by local authorities and funded by central government
successes: realised victorian idea was outdated increased government responsibility
failures: expensive
unemployment act 1920
LG
aims: covered those earning less than £250 per year which was majority of workforce claimed at 15 years
successes: family covered
15 shillings for man, 12 for women
failures: unequal between men and women
some trades were excluded
unemployment insurance act 1921
LG
aims: ‘unconventional benefit’ - no worker contribution - dole
benefits were means tested
successes: government helping
failures: depression caused more unemployment - more benefits
invasive
unemployment act 1924
Labour
aims: increased unemployment benefit and made payment continuous
removed 6 week block patterns
work or maintainance
successes: more generous
failures: had to contribute more
reduced incentive for people to get jobs