ireland 1914-1939 Flashcards
what were the successes for the Irish nationalists with the Outbreak of WW1?
nationalists joined war effort as they though war would be over by christmas
what were the problems for the Irish nationalists with the Outbreak of WW1?
war dragged on for four
britain had other priorities instead of home rule
irish men died
what were the successes for the Irish nationalists with the the easter rising?
british response united Ireland in support form nationalists
executed leaders became martyrs
what were the problems for the Irish nationalists with the Easter rising?
lack of support- no other uprising anywhere else
arms were intercepted due to roger casemen
leaders of rising unpopular - seen as traitors while people’s families were dying in WW1
what were the successes for the Irish nationalists with the growth of Sinn Fein?
1918, sinn fein won election and replaced home rule party
refused to take seats in Parliament
what were the problems for the Irish nationalists with the growth of sinn fein?
caused anglo-irish war in 1919
what were the successes for the Irish nationalists with the anglo-irish war?
IRA stood up to British, could fight back for the first time
truce and negotiations called in 1921
what were the problems for the Irish nationalists with the anglo-irish war?
atrocities
negotiations didn’t go in their favour
what were the successes for the Irish nationalists with the Government of Ireland Act 1920?
granted home rule
parliaments elected by proportional representation
what were the problems for the Irish nationalists with the Government of Ireland Act 1920?
now wanted independence
still in union, wanted only one parliament
pleased ulstermen
westminster still held the most power
didn’t stop war
what was the Government of Ireland Act 1920?
set up two parliaments, Belfast and Dublin
what were the successes for the Irish nationalists with the anglo-irish treaty 1922?
ended the war
78% were happy
Irish free state with Dominion
self-governing status
what were the problems for the Irish nationalists with the anglo-irish treaty 1922?
not united ireland
civil war
22% dislike and they are radical extremists
problems with catholics in Ulster
what was the Statute of Westminster 1931?
dominions no longer subservient to Britain
equal status
what were the successes for the Irish nationalists with the statute of westminster 1931?
equal status
what were the problems for the Irish nationalists with the statute of westminster 1931?
power of crown still in Ireland
governer general
what were the successes for the Irish nationalists with the external relations act 1936?
abolished power of governer general
crown has no say on Irish internal affairs
what were the failures for the Irish nationalists with the external relations act 1936?
ulster still British
King still head of state
what were the successes for the Irish nationalists with the irish constitution 1937?
set up a president as head of state called a taioseach
new state renames eire
constitution honoured special position of catholic church
what were the problems for the Irish nationalists with the irish constitution 1937?
ulster still is separate
growing tension between Catholic and Protestant
Reunification difficult in future
summarise the key causes of the Easter Rising 1916?
Connolly was a Marxist and saw the Catholics oppressed by British Rule
Home rule delayed
war dragged on with many Irish atrocities
Election of Carson (leader of Ulster unionists) to Asquith’s co-alition ministry in 1915 outraged nationalists
Who were the key Irish in the Easter Rising and what motivated them?
MacNeil leader of the anti-war group was against a rebellion as it was likely to fail
Clarke led a secret military council and ran Fenians
MacDermot planned rebellion
Pearse and Connolly nationalists poets working to revive irish culture such as Gaelic
Sir Roger Casement Irish sympathiser gained arms form Germans for rebellion
all of them motivated by frustration of Catholic oppression
seen as an honour to die for your country
what was the role of General John Maxwell in Easter Rising?
blamed for executing leaders of rising
created martyrs for independence
didn’t disipline english troops at GPO, innocent civillians kills
what were the consequences of the Easter rising on Anglo-Irish relations?
relationship damaged after Britain’s brutal response
rise in suport for sinn fein - held most Irish seats in Parliament but refused to take them & tried to set up their own parliament - the Dail- to gain complete independence
led to Anglo-Irish war
what did sinn fein declare in 1919?
ireland’s independence
what did Michael Collins establish?
IRA (called 12 apostals)
how did Britain respond to Sinn Feins 1919 decleration?
M15 trained team of British agents called the Cairo gang
who negotiated on behalf of the Irish in the Anglo-Irish treaty?
collins
what agreement was reached in the anglo-irish treaty?
separate government except the 6 protestant counties (ulster) but still part of Britian
what did de valera think about the Anglo-irish treaty agreement?
betrayal
resigned as leader of sinn fein
what happened to collins in 1922?
went to county cork and got shot by anti-treaty rebels
what are two reasons for the growth of sinn fein?
britain introduced conscription in Ireland
OTT reaction of Britain to Easter rising angered irish
why was there an Anglo-Irish war?
irish wanted complete independence
IRA campaigned against Irish Police Force- 176 murders of policemen in 1920
martial law reintroduced
examples of violence in the anglo-irish war?
bloody sunday
11 british civillians murdered in their home
british soldiers shot into crowd at Croke Park killing 12 civillians
why did the conservatives drop their opposition to Home Rule in 1920?
the Government of Ireland Act 1920
Wilson believed in self-determination
why did collins agree to the Anglo-irish treaty?
didn’t have a choice as de valera wouldn’t have liked it either way
“signed his death warrant”
what problem did the anglo-irish treaty cause?
civil war between pro and anti treaty
what was Fionna fàil?
republican party formed in 1926 led by de valera
why did the nationalists support the war effort in WW1?
thought that their support would be rewarded with home rule
thought that war would be over by christmas
what was agreed in the Anglo-Irish treaty 1921?
Ireland to be partioned
2 parliaments set up in Belfast and Dublin
gave Ireland dominion status
nationalists had lost ulster
