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Sociology > Socializing the Individual > Flashcards

Socializing the Individual Flashcards

1
Q

Personality

A

sum of the total behaviors, attitudes, beliefs, and values of an individual

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2
Q

Personality Development

A

no two the same
determines how we react and adjust
develop at different rates

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3
Q

Heredity

A

transmission of genetic characteristics from parent to child
-nature

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4
Q

Instinct

A

unchanging biological inherited behavior patterns
-nature

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5
Q

Social Environment

A

experiences and learned behavior that develop a person
-nurture

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6
Q

Pavlov’s Dog (Ivan Pavlov)

A

showed dogs could salivate when hear a bell
-nurture

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7
Q

John Watson

A

“any healthy human could be trained to be anything”
-nurture

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8
Q

Sociobiology

A

1970s
study of the biological basis of all social behavior
-nature

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9
Q

4 Largest Environmental Factors

A

Heredity
Birth Order
Parents
Cultural Environment

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10
Q

Heredity (factor)

A

aptitude
biological needs
culture determines how needs are met
sets limits

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11
Q

Aptitude

A

capacity to learn a particular skill or knowledge
some can be learned

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12
Q

Birth Order

A

Siblings affect how we perceive the world

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13
Q

Oldest/Only Child

A

confident
perfectionist
organized
scholarly
conservative (safe/less risks)

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14
Q

Middle Child

A

flexible
diplomatic
independent
balanced
generous

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15
Q

Youngest Child

A

risk taker
outgoing
creative
rebellious
persistent

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16
Q

Parental Characteristics

A

age of parents
level of education
religious orientation
economic status
cultural background

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17
Q

Cultural Environment

A

determines the basic types of personalities that are found in that society
boys and girls treated differently
sub-culture difference

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18
Q

Feral Child

A

raised without influence of social environment
no reasoning skills, manners, or control of their body functions
show our personality comes from social environment

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19
Q

Isolated Children Examples

A

Anna
Isabelle
Genie

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20
Q

Anna

A

attic from 5 months to 6 years
died at 10
couldn’t walk, talk, or feed self

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21
Q

Isabelle

A

attic with deaf mother until 7
at first slow
within 2 years was age appropriate

22
Q

Genie

A

isolated from 20 months to 13 years
father yelled, barked, and beat her
mother kept hidden from attention after being found

23
Q

Institutionalization

A

studied children raised in hospitals and orphanages

24
Q

Spitz Study (Rene Spitz)

A

orphanage with little attention for kids
stunted height, weight, motor functions, emotions, relations, and affective expressions
some irreversible and even led to death

25
Q

What happens to those who lack a caring environment

A

Children who lack caring environment develop their mental, physical, and emotional skills slower

26
Q

Socialization

A

process through which people learn the basic skills, values, beliefs, and behavior patterns of a society`

27
Q

Self

A

your awareness of possessing a distinct identity that separates you from others

28
Q

4 Theories of Socialzation

A

Tabula Rasa
“Looking-glass Self”
Role Taking
Presentation of Self

29
Q

John Locke

A

Tabula Rasa- clean slate
personality made through social experiences
can mold a newborn into anything
few believe it today

30
Q

Charles Horton Cooley

A

Looking-glass Self
develop an image of ourselves based on how we imagine we appear to others
other people are our mirrors
3 step process
-imagine appearance to others
-reactions help determine if others view us the same as ourself
-feelings of ourself are developed by our perceptions of others thoughts
Primary group shapes us

31
Q

George Herbert Mead

A

Extends looking-glass
not only do we see ourselves as others do, we also begin to take on, or pretend to, the roles of others
Role Taking
3 step process
-Imitation- under 3 years, no sense of self, imitate others
-Play -ages 3-6, begin to see relations of others, recognize roles, act out roles
-Organized Games - over age 6 or 7, take part in organized games, have own roles and anticipate actions of others, represents “real-life” situations
I vs Me

32
Q

Role Taking

A

learn to see ourselves through the eyes of others and then we act accordingly
first, internalize expectations of primary group
with age, internalize attitudes of generalized others

33
Q

I vs Me

A

self consists of two parts

34
Q

I

A

unsolicited, spontaneous, self-interested component

35
Q

Me

A

aware of the expectations and attitudes of society
socialized self

36
Q

Erving Goffman

A

Extended Mead’s Ideas
Dramaturgy
Impression Management
change self depending on audience

37
Q

Dramaturgy

A

social interaction is like a drama being performed on a stage
people are audience judging performance

38
Q

Impression Managment

A

people try to play their roles well and manage the impressions that others recieve

39
Q

Agents of Socialization

A

specific individuals, groups, and institutions that enable socialization to take place

40
Q

4 Agents of Socialization

A

Family
Peer Group
School
Mass Media

41
Q

Family

A

most important in most societies
child learns values, norms, and beliefs
deliberate or unintentional
differs from family to family

42
Q

Peer Group

A

Primary Group composed of individuals of roughly the same age and social characteristics
more influential during pre-teen and early teen years
focus on sub-culture
may go against larger society goals

43
Q

School

A

spend about 30wks/y in school
class activities planned for teaching reading, writing, math, etc.
extracurricular activities prepare students for life in society
Unintentional Socialization- teacher become a role model

44
Q

Mass Media

A

instruments of communication that reach large audiences with no personal contact
can desensitize us
broaden world

45
Q

Resocialization

A

break with past experiences and learning of new values and norms
voluntary
involuntary

46
Q

Voluntary Resocialization

A

chose to assume new status
every time we learn norms that are different, we’re being resocialized

47
Q

Involuntary Resocialization

A

occurs against wishes or control
often takes place in total institution

48
Q

Total Institution

A

a setting in which people are isolated from the rest of society

49
Q

Total Institution Goals

A

change one’s personality or behavior

50
Q

Steps of Total Institution

A

take away person’s semblance of identity
replace with institutional identity (hair, uniform) losing sense of self
replace with new patterns of wanted behavior

Sociology (6 decks)

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