Socialization and the Construction of Reality Flashcards
Process by which individuals internalize the values, beliefs, and norms of a given society and to learn to function as a member of that society
Socialization
Theorized that the “self” emerges from our ability to assume the point of view of theories and imagine how those others see us
Charles Horton Cooley
Developed a theory about how the social self develops over the course of childhood
George Herbert Mead
Individual identity of a person as perceived by that same person
Self
One sense of agency, action, or power
I
Self perceived as an object by the “I”; the self as one imagines others perceive one
Me
Someone or something outside of oneself
Other
Internalized sense of the total expectations of others in a variety of settings regardless of whether we’ve encountered those people or places before
Generalized other
Institution in which one is totally immersed that controls all the basics of day-to-day life
Total institution
Change in values, beliefs, or norms though an intense social process
Resocialization
Position in society that comes with a set of expectation
Status
One we are born with that is unlikely to change
Ascribed status
One we have earned through individual effort or that is imposed by others
Achieved status
Status that seems to override all others and affects all other statuses that one possesses
Master status
Behaviors expected from a particular status
Roles
Occurs when roles associated with one status clash with the roles associated with a different status
Role conflict
Occurs when roles associated with a single status clash
Role strain
All the statuses one hold simultaneously
Status set
Set of behavioral norms associated primarily with males or females in a given social group
Gender roles
View of social life as essentially a theatrical performance, in which we are all actors on metaphorical stages, with roles, scripts, costumes, and sets
Dramaturgical theory
Esteem in which an individual is held by others
Face
Micro-level theory based on the idea that people act in accordance with shared meanings, orientations, and assumptions
Symbolic interactionism
Approach to studying human interaction that focuses on the ways in which we make sense of our world, convey this understanding to others, and produce a mutually shared social order
Ethnomethodology
Involved having collaborators exhibit “abnormal” or “atypical” behaviors in social interactions in order to see how people would interact
Breaching experiment
