Socialism Thinkers

Question 1

Marx and Engels 2 key ideas

Answer 1

 Social class is central to socialism
Human nature is socially determined, and can only be expressed under communism

Question 2

Marx and Engels key points

Answer 2

Dialectical changes of process of development that occurs through the conflict of struggle between two opposing factors.
The struggle is between the exploiters and the exploited
Class consciousness is needed for the oppressed to overthrow their oppressors
The proletariat has to become a class for itself,
Humans are sociable, rational and cooperative,
Marx contends that the solution is a communist state that abolishes, private property, class, systems, and state apparatus

Question 3

Beatrix Webb 2 key summarised ideas

Answer 3

The “inevitability of gradualness” - establishing socialism peacefully
The expression of the state will deliver socialism

Question 4

Beatrice Webb key points

Answer 4

Focused on evolutionary socialist ideas among leading liberals and conservatives
She thought the average voter was limited, selfish and uninformed
Rejected direct democracy and favoured representative democracy,
Gradual growth of state power evidence. The idea that collectivism would bring in a new socialist age,
The states ability to deliver socialism would depend heavily on highly trained specialist and administrators to organise society and economy,
Central state action would further the development of socialism,

Question 5

Rosa Luxembourg

Answer 5

Evolutionary socialism is not possible as capitalism is based on economic exploitation
Struggle of the proletariat creates a class consciousness needed to overthrow the capital of state
Any evolution of our former socialist strategy could never smooth the way the exploitation, inherent in the capitalist economy
Eventually capitalism will run out of new territories and markets to expire, and the system will collapse
Proletarian discontent against the state control with a rope to numerous unsuccessful math strikes, which will radicalise workers and bring about a socialist revolution

Question 6

Anthony Crosland key ideas

Answer 6

Leading postwar, revisionist, major impact on the Labour Party
Claim to capitalism, head, radically changed no longer resembles an economic system based on inherent contradictions
Modern capitalism lacked to the internal tensions to drive social change
Governments, when I use in Keynesian economics and could maintain him employment in show, low inflation and promote continuous growth
Argued for more eagle, a Terrian society which depends on high levels of government spending and welfare services and the redistribution of income, and
Called for the development of comprehensive secondary education and expansion of higher education

Question 7

Anything gidddns

Answer 7

Rejection of state, intervention and acceptance of the free-market
Emphasis on equality of opportunity of air quality
Role of the state in social investment in infrastructure and education not economic and social engineeri
Social democracy had to be modernised by the late 20th century, due to the impact of globalisation
Free-market economy was the most efficient system of production
Called for a social investment state, essentially a contract between the government and the citizen