Comservatism Flashcards
Pragmatism
Rejects theory and ideology in favour of experience
They contend that humans lack the intellectual ability to understand the complex world
Emphasises caution moderation and a sense of historical continuity
Key features of society and institutions can only be preserved with the use of pragmatic policy
Tradition
Conservatives believe the world was created by a divine being inside societies institutions as God-given
Does divine justification has been severely weakened by the impact of the enlightenment, thinking
Institutions have demonstrated the value to early societies have they have proved fit for purpose, overtime and survived
The monarchy promotes a sense of unity
Each generation has duty to safeguard and pass on accumulated wisdom of tradition to the next generation
It provides society and the individual with a strong sense of identity
Tradition, Fosters, social cohesion, reassuring, collective sense of who they are to individuals
Human imperfection
Conservatives have a pessimistic view of human nature, in which they are flawed, and in capable of reaching a state of
A tough stance on law and order is required
Foreign policy has through based on national security
Human behaviour is competitive and self interest is more a powerful motivator than altruism
Humans are flawed, psychologically, morally and intellectually
Organic society or state
People cannot exist separately from society as a whole or from social groups
Society prevents the development of anomie
Humans except the duties, responsibilities and bonds that go with the long until the society
People did not acknowledge them human society would like cohesion and send enter atomism
What underpins organic society
The belief in hierarchy and authority
Society is naturally hierarchical based on social ranks and inequalities
Individuals vary in terms of their talents, intellect and skills
Organic society produces natural inequalities in terms of financial rewards and social status
The most advantage to also by the heavy social
Hierarchical, organic society encourages paternalism as a means to ensure social cohesion
Paternalism
The idea of a government by the people who are best equipped to lead by virtue of their birth, inheritance pattern of bringing
Links to hierarchy of order and organic society
That was at the top of society, have a duty to care for the lower social ranks
Leaders are drawn from Aristocratic elite
One nation, paternalistic conservatism has relied on government regulation of the economy and social welfare measures
Neoliberalism completely rejects, the idea paternalism as they aim to reduce the size of government
Libertarianism
Emphasises the rights of individuals to liberty, advocating, only minimal state intervention in the lives of
Emphasis on maximum economic, freedom and minimal government intervention in social and economic affairs
Burke advocated, free trade and market economy
Associated with policies of Thatcher and Reagan opposes keynsina in style, demand management and welfare
Programmes
Neo liberalism justifies the idea that personal freedom can only be guaranteed by reducing the state
Traditional conservatism key points
Originated in the late 18th century as a reaction to the enlightenment and the French Revolution
Defence established order in society based on a commitment to organicism hierarchy and paternalism
Social arrangements are held in place by custom and tradition in the accumulated wisdom of the past
They argue the implementation of ideological blueprints lead society to disaster
Hierarchy is a functional necessity, because different people have to do different jobs and are awarded differently
Justification for Aristocrstic leadership was paternalism
One nation conservatism key points
Emerged in response to the development of laissez-faire capitalism and industrialisation in the 19 century
Disraeli felt capitalism, encouraged, a self interested, individualism and undermined the idea of social responsibility
Division had led to class conflict in decline in national identity
Israelis motives were pragmatic and principled
Organic society depended on the governing elite acceptance of social responsibility to the less fortunate
Conservative paternalism would now need to embrace welfarism to strengthen national unity and preserve one nation
The new right
Emerged in the 1970s
Modernised version of classical liberalism based on a commitment to the free-market economy minimal state in individual freedom
Contains radical traditional and reactionary elements
Permissive, social attitudes
Determined to abandon government intervention
Became popularly associated with Reagan and Thatcher
Two parts of new right
Neoliberalism ,neoconservatism
Neoliberalism aspects of Thatcher
Monetarist policies
Privatisation
Deregulation
Reduction of trade union power through legislation
Neoconservative aspects of thatcher
Defence of traditional values
Permissive attitudes
Laws, prohibiting, promotion of homosexuality
