Socialisation Flashcards
What is the socialisation process?
The process by which individuals are taught their norms and values of their society.
What is Primary Socialisation?
The process by which individuals are socialised by the agent of the family. The family teaches the individual their norms and values due to the fact that the child is predominantly with the family.
A key study/theory of primary socialisation?
Ann Oakley suggests that the main agent of socialisation is through the family. The child is socialised in four ways: different activities, verbal appellations, canalisation and manipulation
What is Secondary Socialisation?
Individuals are socialised through other agents outside of the family. For instance, the media, peer groups, religion, workplace and education
One study of how individuals are socialised through the media and peer group?
Media: argue of globalisation that it has created a bulimic society meaning those who have little money have a desire to binge on everything e.g Gucci but are socially excluded from attaining these things
Peer group: anti-school subculture in terms of rebellion and hierarchy regarding to ‘follower’ and ‘leader’ status is given by how many delinquent behaviours shown. Cultural comfort zone between black males.
How are individuals socialised in terms of education and the workplace?
Education: Bowls and Gintis are Marxists who suggest there is a hidden curriculum within the educational system
Workplace: Formal social control. Also canteen culture at which certain languages and behaviours become the norm and is acceptable. However, this arguably enforces a culture of racism as police officers who are not racist will start behaving as if they are as a result of this socialisation.
What is Social Control?
Behaviour is controlled and reinforced by sanctions. Either positively reinforced to repeat behaviour or negatively to discourage it.
What is Formal Social Control?
Refers to the legal written rules by the police, courts and law. Those who deviate from these rules are subject to sanctions or punishments which could be serving time in prison or a fine.
The police can arrest such individuals and the workplace can be a mechanism of formal social control in terms of disciplinary procedures.
What is Informal Social Control?
Informal SC refers to controlling behaviour more subtly through the family, media and peer group. For instance, socially excluding an individual from the peer group, celebrities being criticised in magazines or disappointed reactions from parents.
