Social Studies Flashcards
chart events over a set period of time and can demonstrate how one event leads to another
Timelines
can show causes and effects of an event
Flowcharts
allow students to see the similarities and differences between two ideas, individuals, or events
Venn Diagrams
is a graphic organizer used to record what students know, what they want to know, and what they learned about a topic.
K-W-L chart
activities teachers can use to evaluate students’ prior knowledge..
questioning discussion brainstorming quick-writes pre-tests
are useful for scaffolding students’ learning and helping them develop recall skills.
Fill-in-the-blank questions
allow students to articulate their thoughts in a way that is understandable to others without being hemmed in by the wording of a question
Short answer and essay questions
allow students the opportunity to deepen their understanding of a topic and to apply their learning in a meaningful way
Project-Based Learning process
2-dimensional depiction of a physical area
Map
representation of information that uses rows and columns
Table
Assessment of learning. Given at specific points in time in order to determine what students know and don’t know. are generally formal.
Summative Assessments
Activity in which students create a solution or investigation in response to a problem
Project-Based Learning (PBL) Activity
Assessment for learning. Usually mid-instruction assessment with the purpose of assessing student progress and informing the teacher so instruction can be altered as needed.
Formative Assessments
Lessons using materials for students to touch and handle.
ex: Encouraging students to take notes, use study sheets, build dioramas or models
Tactile Methods
Lessons using materials for students to listen to.
Ex: speeches, music, or direct instruction
Auditory Methods
Lessons using materials for students to view.
Ex: maps, images, political cartoons, multimedia presentations and graphs
Visual Methods
Learning Style
The manner in which a student learns best
stage of learning in which students best understand concepts when framed in a context that they understand
Concrete Stage
a usually post-instruction assessment with the purpose of assessing student knowledge, retention, and application. Often involve the use of a standardized rubric or scoring guide based on several criteria.
Ex: chapter tests, semester tests
Formal Assessments
More flexible than formal assessments and can be adjusted to fit the situation and particular needs of the student being tested
Ex: observations during a lesson
Informal Assessments
The state foundation curriculum developed by the State Board of Education, that requires all students to demonstrate the knowledge and skills necessary to read, write, compute, problem solve, think critically, apply technology, and communicate across all subject areas
Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills (TEKS)
Learning primarily by touching things or doing an activity
ex: create and act out plays or skits
Kinesthetic Learning / Tactile Learning
Six steps of the research method
Ask a Question Do Background Research Refine/Narrow the Question Gather Evidence Analyze the Evidence to Form a Claim Present the Thesis for Review
a preference for a particular perspective, without the ability to see a different perspective.
Bias
when an author presents, or frames, an issue that affects the way the reader perceives it.
Framing Bias
occurs when a person seeks to confirm what he already knows, without consideration to evidence which might be contrary
Confirmation Bias
occurs when the focus of a piece focuses only, or predominantly, on the negative aspects without regard to positive aspects.
Negativity Bias
documents created during the time under study
Ex: autobiographies, letters, interviews, news film footage, speeches, and official records
Primary sources
documents created after the time under study
Ex: textbooks, scholarly articles, biographies, and historical critiques
Secondary sources
Primary Sources Advantages
Establish accurate timelines
Present facts that are essential in developing an accurate understanding
Give insight into the perspective of a particular moment in time
Primary Sources disadvantages
Lack context (No broader view)
Might be written solely from the author’s point of view (may have bias from their view point)
Secondary Source advantages
Provide an interpretation and collaboration of multiple perspectives
Provide the “big picture” of an event
Help establish both the causes and effects of an event
Secondary source disadvantages
Author’s historical interpretation of events can limit or cloud the information (may have bias from their interpretation)
rganizing historical events by when they occurred and determining accurate dates
Chronology
an evaluation of whether information is true or trustworthy
Credibility
to locate a new passage to the far east (for trade)
map uncharted areas
to find treasure (gold silver gems artifacts)
to claim new lands and set up colonies
to convert people to christianity
reasons for european exploration
part of a spanish mission to claim land along the gulf he became stranded in florida when his ships did not return from a supply run to cuba
built rafts rafts and skirted the coast wrecking near east island louisiana continued on foot with a slave called estaban eventually coming to texas
encountered caddo indians near houston ; impressed with their sophistication and tales of wealth inland he mapped and wrote about the area in detail creating our first written record of america
de vaca
a french explorer
led expedition in 1682 from colony in canada down the Mississippi river to the gulf of mexico claiming land for france on both sides of the river
led another expedition from france to start a colony at the mouth of the mississippi river sailed past the river and mistakenly landed in texas
built the first french colony in texas fort st. louis near galveston
la salle
discovered galveston island
bernardo de galvez
first elective governing body at jamestown
was the first colonial legistlative body
modeled after the bristish parliament and offered a model for the future US congress
white property owning men could vote
house of burgess
first european constitution
great charter
by church nobles in england
everyone including the king must obey the law
everyone has right to fair trial
magna carta
involved the soviet union and US
US won
effect: US and SV became allies to promote economic growth
cold war
similar to the US declaration of independence this document focused on the rights of citizens to life and liberty but with an emphasis on the property of the citizen
texas declaration of independence
- abolish slavery
granted slaves citizenship and protection
granted black men the right to vote
granted women the right to vote
13 14 15 19 amendments
safe guards the rights of the people. guarantees basic rights
freedom of religion/ speech
freedom from unreasonable searches
right to speedy and public jury
freedom of excesie bail cruel and unusual punishment
power reserved to the states ( limit authority of fed gov)
1 4 6 8 10 BOR
during Texas war for independence from Mexico lasted thirteen day
mexico wanted to gain indepedence from texas
mexico won
battle of the alamo
coordinate system by means of which the position or location of any place on Earth’s surface can be determined and described.
These lines run to north south
these lines run from east to west
latitude and logitude
longitude
latitude
system based on supply and demand with little or no government control.
ex: competition
lower prices for consumers
free market economy
has nutrient rich soil
why people wanted to live near
nile river
judicial review
by chief justice john marshal
declared fed law unconstitutional
marbury vs madison
mandated segregation in public schools place transportation in the south
separate but equal
jim crow
organized by FDR
caussed by great D
reformed wall street
1933-39
put people back to work
new deal
represnets total money value in goods and services
invented by simon kuznets
gross domestic product (GDP)
demanded that the european powers not estblish colonies in the western hemisphere
monnroe doctrine
first general of the texas army
first pres of the republic of texas
sam houston
brought settlers to texas
stephen f austin
model t - first car
founded the assembly line
henry ford
gold God and glory
eropeans explored north america for three reasons
gold God and glory
the search for wealth was the main reason of european exploration
explorers mainly searched for two things: gold and a water route to china (known as the northwest passage )
eropeans explored north america for three reasons
st. augustine (established by spain)
jamestown (settled in present day virginia)
quebec city (in present day canada )
first three settlements
st. augustine (established by spain)
jamestown (settled in present day virginia/ first settled in the 13th colonies)
quebec city (in present day canada )
first three settlements
OG 13 colonies stretched from georgia to present day maine
divided into three groups: New England, Middle, Southern Colonies
the differences around these colonies will shape how our government is formed and will eventually lead to the Civil War
facts about the colonies
OG 13 colonies stretched from georgia to present day maine
divided into three groups: New England, Middle, Southern Colonies
the differences around these colonies will shape how our government is formed and will eventually lead to the Civil War
new england colonies: New hampshire, massachusetts , connecticut, rhode island
middle colonies: New york, pennsylvania new jersey, delaware
southern colonies: georgia, south carolina, north carolina, virginia, maryland
facts about the colonies
Jamestown and plymouth
- Both settlements initially had around 100 ppl
- both were unprepared
- relied on help from natives to survive
- 2/3 of james towns OG settlers died the first year and 1/2 of plymouths OG settlers died
- jamestown was founded by a company with permission from the king
- the pilgrims who founded plymouth were looking for religious freedom
first two settlements in the colonies
similarities
differences
william bradford: first pilgrims sailed on mayflower signed mayflower compact governor of plymouth
anne hutchinson: believed that women should have a greater role in the church helped found rhode island
william penn: quaker founded pennsylvania
john wise: pastor who protested against british taxation
roger williams: puritan founded rhode island believed in religious tolernace and seperation of church and state
important people
fundamental orders of connecticut:
document established the system of government in the connecticut colony
first written constitution
voting rights to all free men not just men who owned land or were members of the church
some limits on the power of government
fundamental orders of connecticut:
mayflower compact:
pilgrims signed
pledge by the pilgrims to follow the rules and laws
“just and equal”
one man can vote (only men could vote)
mayflower compact
fundamental orders of connecticut:
document established the system of government in the connecticut colony
first written constitution
voting rights to all free men not just men who owned land or were members of the church
some limits on the power of government
voting for all men
fundamental orders of connecticut:
sugar act: taxed sugar and molasses that were imported to the colonies
stamp act: taxed legal documents l
townshend act: taxed glass lead paint paper and tea
taxes that were imposed on the colonist so that england could pay for the french and indian war
sugar act: taxed sugar and molasses that were imported to the colonies
stamp act: taxed legal documents l
townshend act: taxed glass lead paint paper and tea
taxes that were imposed on the colonist so that england could pay for the french and indian war
the sons of liberty formed in reaction to these acts (sam adams)
sons of librerty dressed up as indians and dump 340 chests of tea into the boston harbor
quartering act come up bc of this and required colonists to house british soldiers
eventually let colonies declaring their independence
boston tea party
revolutionary war
people commonly attribute the signing of the declaration of independence as the start of the war but fighting started in lexington and concord
patriots/loyalist/ neutrals were involved
revolutionary war big picture
this was the OG structure of the government in the US
weak national (central) government/ most power belonged to the states
the gov only had one branch of gov: legislative branch (congress)
- states started printing their own money
- states and the nation had a lot of debt . they had a hard time paying it off because they had difficult collecting taxes
articles of confederation
led farmers in western MA in shutting down courts (if courts couldnt work they couldnt force anyone off their land)
shays and they other rebel farmers were defeated by state troops
showed a need to have a strong central government
delegates from the states met in 1787 intending to revise the AOC but ended up writing the constitution
daniel shays
the federalists papers
argued for the passage of the constitution
they had influential effect in getting people to support the constitution
hamilton madison and john jay
the federalists papers
war of 1812
b/t US and GB
the treaty of Ghent ended it
effects for the US: enhanced national pride
three main causes:
- british impressment
- britsih interference with US shipping
- british military aid to ntaive american groups in western US
impressment: braitian began to target US navy ships. some US sailors ere made to work aboard british navy ships
Impeding US shipping: Embargo act and the non intercourse act outlawed trade with england and france
british military aid to native american tribes: americans worried that with the british aid these indian groups could pose a threat to the US
war of 1812 big picture
brown v board of education
Supreme Court decision that overturned the Plessy vs. Ferguson decision (1896); led by Chief Justice Earl Warren, the Court ruled that “separate but equal” schools for blacks were inherently unequal and thus unconstitutional. The decision energized the Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s and 1960s
brown v board of education
plessy v ferguson
A case in which the Supreme Court ruled that segregated, “equal but separate” public accommodations for blacks and whites did not violate the 14th amendment.
This ruling made segregation legal.
Some railroad companies were on Plessy’s side because they paid too much to maintain separate cars.
plessy v ferguson
federal:
- taxes
- military
- resolve dispute between state
- foriegn policy
state:
- education (TEKS)
- criminal law
- transportation
local:
- prosperity
the three forms of government
executive:
- enforces the law
- must sign law or veto
- appoint judges
legislative:
- create laws
- passes laws
- can override executive veto
judicial:
- resolving disputes
- can declare laws unconstitutional
three branches of government
for congress:
the house
-at least 25
senate
-at least 30
president
- at least 35
electoral process
traditional
- centers around a family or tribe
- custom or time honore tradition/practice/belief
- no surplus
- usually found in what some economists call developing countries
command
- the gov controls the economic system
- totalitarian systems
market oriented
- sale of goods is determined by the people and business
- US has market economy
economic systems
GDP is the sum of all the spending going on inside a country plus the exports
how is the economic standard of living calculated?
students should experience SS through a variety of activities like :
plays dramatizations field trips hands on activities simulations guest speakers
students should obtain info from a vairty of resources including:
primary, secondary , tertiary sources interviews and conversations culturally diverse texts biographies folktales legends pictures maps peotry songs/dances/artwork
