SOCIAL STUDIES Flashcards
1
Q
What did the Paleo-Indians cross into Alaska between 38,000 and 10,000 BC?
A
The Bering land bridge
2
Q
The movement of people or animals from one region to another is called
A
Migration
3
Q
A groups set of common values and traditions is known as
A
Culture
4
Q
Many Native American what developed across America?
A
Societies
5
Q
Many diverse Native American cultures developed across the different ?
A
Geographic regions of North America
6
Q
What was price Henry the navigator responsible for
A
Advances that would make exploration more successful
7
Q
What is a device that enables navigators to learn a ships location by charting the position of stars
A
astrolabe
8
Q
What are ships that use triangular sails so ships can sail against the wind?
A
Caravals
9
Q
What are 5 causes of the Sea Route to Asia?
A
1- financial backing from Prince Henry
2- new technology
3-curiosity
4-seeking trade with Asia for financial gain
5-converting people to Christianity
10
Q
What are effects of sea route to Asia
A
1- discovery of the sea route
2-face to face contact with traders in distant lands
3- awareness of different cultures
11
Q
Who’s crew was the first to circumnavigate the globe?
A
Ferdinand Magellean’s
12
Q
What does the term circumnavigate mean?
A
To go all around the world
13
Q
Who was a Spanish conquistador who led the destruction of the Aztec Empire?
A
Hernan Cortes
14
Q
What is a document that gives permission to start a colony
A
A charter
15
Q
Enslaved Africans were forced to endure what?
A
The middle passage which took them across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas
16
Q
What is the term for having a natural resistance to common diseases
A
Immune
17
Q
Who invented the printing press that helped spread the ideas of the Reformation
A
Johannes Gutenberg
18
Q
Europeans wanted to find a water route from the Atlantic to Pacific Ocean. This is called the
A
Northwest Passage
19
Q
Who were reformers who protested some of the Catholic Churches practices?
A
Protestants
20
Q
What are large farms that grew a lot of one crop
A
Plantations
21
Q
the process by which plants, animals, diseases, people, and ideas have been introduced from Europe, Asia, and Africa to the Americas and vice versa.
A
The Columbian Exchange
22
Q
a religious reform movement that swept through Europe in the 1500s.
A
The Protest Reformation
23
Q
Why did Europeans want to explore the world ?
A
They were searching for new land and new trade routes
24
Q
What did Christopher Columbus’s voyages lead to?
A
New exchanges between Europe, Africa and the Americas
25
established a large empire in the Americas?
Spain
26
What was the first permanent settlement
Jamestown
27
Colonist who recieved free passage in exchange for working a certain amount of time?
Indentured servants
28
Who wanted to purify or reform the Anglican Church
Puritans
29
What was an agreement that the pilgrims made before landing in America?
The Mayflower Compact
30
What was the first law to support religious tolerance?
the Toleration Act of 1694.
31
Between 1630 and 1643, over 20,000 English men, women and children sailed to the new Massachusetts Bay Colony. This was known as the
Great Migration
32
What are staple crops?
The most important crops or crops that are continuously in demand
33
What was the sugar tax?
Taxing colonists on sugar and molasses
34
What did the Stamp act require?
The colonists had to buy a stamp or seal when buying paper items
35
What was the Townsend act?
The Townshend Acts. laws passed in 1767 that taxed goods such as glass, paper, paint, lead, and tea
36
What is the spreading of only one side of a story?
Propoganda
37
What is the term for remove or revoke?
Repeal
38
What are the four intolerable acts
1- Boston harbor was closed until the colonist paid for the tea
2- the governor decided when town meetings were held
3- British officials accused of crime were sent to Britain for trial
4- quartering act
39
What did the Committee of. Correspondence do?
They shared ideas and information about new British laws and ways to challenge them
40
What is a system of creating and maintaining wealth through trade?
Mercantilism
41
What is a system in which goods were traded amoung the americas Britain and Africa
Triangular trade
42
What spread the idea that reason and logic could improve society?
Enlightenment
43
What was a town meeting?
A political gathering where people make decisions on local issues
44
True or false? Despite a difficult beginning, the southern colonies soon flourished
TRUE
45
Why did English colonists travel to New England?
To gain religious freedom
46
True or false? People from one nation settled in the middle colonies?
False: people from many nations settled there
47
True or false? The English colonies continued to grow despite many changes
TRUE
48
What developed as the British government placed taxes on the colonies?
TENSION
49
What was the term for those loyal to Britain
Loyalists
50
What were the soldiers that were ready in a minutes notice?
Minutemen
51
What did Thomas Paine do?
He wrote “ Common Sense” and the “Crisis “
52
The pamphlet that influenced many colonists to support independence was called
“ common sense”
53
Why was the battle of Saratoga important?
The patriots gained the support of France and SPain
54
What was the last major battle of the American Revolution?
The battle of Yorktown
55
What event finally convinced the British to negotiate with the Americans
The American victory at Yorktown
56
According to the Declaration of Independence everyone has the right to
Life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness
57
What was the significance of the battle of Saratoga ?
It proved Americans can win and France became the official ally of the United States and gave America military support , then France declared war on Britain
58
What was the Treaty of Paris?
the official peace treaty between the United States and Britain that ended the American Revolutionary War
59
What is “The Crisis”
A series of pamphlets by Thomas Paine arguing for Independence from England
60
What obstacles did patriot forces face in the war against Britain ?
They had little food, not enough soldiers and weapons, did not have enough clothing or supplies
61
True or false? The war spread to the southern colonies where the British were finally defeated
TRUE
62
What was A petition sent to the King by Congress where the delegates asked the King to stop using military force against the colonists so they could settle their differences with Parliament peacefully.
the Olive Branch petition
63
What sparked protest in the colonies?
British efforts to raise taxes
64
True or false : parliament passed laws to increase control of the colonies
TRUE
65
What was valley forge?
The continental army’s settlement during the winter of 1777-1778. Soldiers lived in harsh conditions there . The had a lack of supplies, proper shelter, clothing and food.
66
“ These are the times that try men’s souls” comes from
Thomas Paines, the Crisis
67
At what battle did the American patriots finally defeat the British
The battle of Yorktown
68
What is a set of basic principals and laws that states the powers and duties of the government
Constitution
69
What does the term ratification mean?
Official approval
70
What did Christopher Columbus’s voyages lead to?
NEw exchanges between Europe, Africa and the Americas
71
What did the Columbian exchange start with?
Columbus’s explorations
72
The columbian exchange was what?
When European explorers and settlers took plants and animals with them to the Americas and they also brought back a verity of new plants and animals to Europe, Asia and Africa
73
Who were conquistadors?
Soldiers ( from Spain) who led military expeditions in the Americas
74
What was the protest reformation?
A protest that began in small German towns but quickly spread through most of Europe.
75
Protestants were?
Reformers who protested some of the Catholic church’s practices
76
What was the northwest passage?
A water route through North America that would allow ships to sail from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean
77
He searched for the northwest passage and landed in new found land
John Cabot
78
What was Anne Hutchinson banished from?
The puritans
79
Roger Williams founded what?
Rhode Island
80
Thomas Hooker founded ?
Connecticut
81
What are the New England Colonies
Maine, New Hampshire , Massachusetts, Rhode Island and Connecticut
82
What are the Middle colonies?
New York , New Jersey, Delaware and Pennsylvania
83
What are the Southern Colonies?
Maryland, Virginia north carolina, South Carolina , Georgia
84
Who were the pilgrims?
They led a group of puritan colonists who left England to go to Massachusetts in search of relegious freedom
85
Who were quakers?
Quakers made up one of the largest religious groups in New Jersey . They supported equality of men and women and supported nonviolence and religious tolerance
86
What was the House of Burgessess?
The second house of government . Its members were were elected by colonists. English colonists began to develop a form of representative government with elected legislative assemblies such as the House of Burgessess.
87
What was the first continental congress?
n the early 1770s citizens of the 13 British colonies in North America were starting to rebel against Great Britain. A network of patriots, known as the Committees of Correspondence, called together the First Continental Congress to plan future action. They demanded rights and protested taxes but did not yet declare independence ( that happened once the revolutionary war had begun and the second continental congress demanded independence)
88
What did the articles of confederation do?
Provided a framework for a national government
89
What was the manga carta?
A document signed by King John in 1215 that made the king subject to law
90
What did the English Bill of rights do?
Declared the supremacy of Parliment and limited the kings power
91
What was Enlightenment?
By John Locke , use of logic and reason to make rules
92
What is a constitution?
A set of basic principles and laws that states the powers and duties of the government
93
The main ideas from all of the documents to create a new government that influenced the us goverment were:
-Rule of law
-People hold the power
-Limited government
-Constititional protection of rights
-Separation of powers
-Representative government
-separation of church and state
94
Suffrage is?
The right to vote
95
The articles of confederation said that:
Congress would become the single branch of the national government but would have limited powers in order to protect the liberties of people
96
Ratification means
Official approval
97
The land ordinance of 1785 set up a system for
Surveying and dividing western lands
98
The northwest ordinance of 1787 established the ?
Northwest territory
99
The northwest territory was?
Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio , Minnesota and wisconsin
100
Interstate commerce was?
Trade between two or more states
101
Shay’s rebellion was?
The uprising of farmers to protest the high taxes and heavy debt. This rebellion convinced many that the articles of confederation were weak. Many called for changes in the national government
102
What were the weaknesses of the articles of confederation?
- most power was held by the states
-one branch of government
-Legislative branch had few powers
-no judicial system
- no system of checks and balances
103
A new constitution did what?
Provided a framework for a stronger national government
104
The constitutional convention met to?
Improve the general vernment of the IS by improving the articles of confederation
105
Key delegates at the convention were?
Ben Franklin, James Madison and George Washington
106
Bicameral legislature means?
Made up of two houses: congress and the House of Representatives
107
Numbers in both houses are based on?
Population
108
Larger states would have
More representative
