Social Structure And Demographics

Question 1

Functionalism

Answer 1

Society= living organism
Everything must work together
If function not fulfilled— society abnormal and pathological

Question 2

Function

Answer 2

Beneficial consequences of people’s action

Question 3

Dysfunction

Answer 3

Harmful consequences of people’s action

Undermine equilibrium

Question 4

Manifest function

Answer 4

Action intend to help society

Question 5

Latent function

Answer 5

Unintended good done by manifest function

Question 6

Conflict theory

Answer 6

Based on power differentials and how it keeps order.

Question 7

Social constructionism

Answer 7

How people but together social reality. How society defines honour and justice
Eg. money is a social constructionism

Question 8

Rational choice theory

Answer 8

Making decision based on pro and cons list

Maximize benefits

Question 9

Exchange theory

Answer 9

Individuals will carry out certain behaviours bc of anticipated rewards/ avoid bc of punishment. Similiar to operant conditioning

Question 10

Feminist theory

Answer 10

Social inequality existing on the basis of gender. Strict gender roles. Women are more objectified than men. Glass ceiling: women are less likely to be promoted

Question 11

Social institutions

Answer 11

Social structure —dictate certain patterns of behavior/relationship

Question 12

Pattern of kinship

Answer 12

Terms for family members changes depending on culture. Cousin can be used to describe all fam members in hawaiian culture

Question 13

Hidden curriculum

Answer 13

Transmitting social norms, attitudes to students

Question 14

Teacher expectancy

Answer 14

Teachers get what they expect from students

Question 15

Religiosity

Answer 15

How religious one consider oneself to be

Question 16

Racialization

Answer 16

Definition or establishment of group as a race. Judaism— went from religion to being a race (Jewish)

Question 17

Racial formation theory

Answer 17

Racial identity is fluid and dependent on concurrent political, economic and social factors

Question 18

Ethnicity

Answer 18

Social construct—depends on culture, language, nationality, religion

Question 19

Symbolic ethnicity

Answer 19

Connection one’s identity

Question 20

Malthusian theory

Answer 20

Exponential growth of a population can outpace growth of food

Question 21

Social movement

Answer 21

Organized either to promote or resist social change

Question 22

Proactiv

Answer 22

Promote social change

Question 23

Reactive

Answer 23

Resist social change

Question 24

Globalization

Answer 24

Integrating global economy with free trade

Question 25

Urbanization

Answer 25

Dense areas of population that pulls migration