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MCAT Psych > Psychological Disorder > Flashcards

Psychological Disorder Flashcards

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1
Q

Schizophrenia

A

Positive symptoms: delusion, hallucination, disorganized thoughts/ behaviour
Psychotic or disorganized dimension
Negative symptom: disturbance of affect /avolition
Continued signs for 6 months

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2
Q

Disturbance of affect

A

Lack of expression
Talk that’s not appropriate for the context
Similiar to Wernicke aphasia
Repeated/ abrupt patterns

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3
Q

Delusion of reference

A

Ex: TV person talk—> patients think that person is talking to them directly

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4
Q

Delusion of persecution

A

Person is being plotted against

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5
Q

Delusion of grandeur

A

Person is remarkable in some way

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6
Q

Thought broadcasting/insertion

A

Thinking your thoughts are being broadcast to everyone/ or being inserted into your brain

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7
Q

Hallucination

A

Perception that’s not due to external stimuli but seems very real

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8
Q

Disorganized thoughts

A

Loosening of association- saying words and random thoughts that have no link

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9
Q

Disorganized behaviour

A

Can’t do daily task
Catatonia— bizarre useless movement
Echolalia—repeating someone’s words
Echopraxia—imitating someone else

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10
Q

Blunting, Flat affect, inappropriate affect

A

Blunting: severe reduction in display of emotion

Flat affect: no sign of expression

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11
Q

Prodomal phase

A

Starting phase

Deterioration, social withdrawal, function impairment, inappropriate effect

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12
Q

Major depressive disorders

A

2 weeks of depressed moods, lost of interest in activity, suicidal thoughts

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13
Q

Persistent depressive disorder

A

Dysthymia: depressive mood that’s not severe enough for major but last over 2 years

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14
Q

Seasonal affective disorder

A

Depressive symptoms in winter months

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15
Q

Bipolar and related disorders

A

Depression and mania
Manic episodes: abnormal and elevated mood for 3 weeks
Bipolar 1: manic episodes without major depressive episode
Bipolar 2: hypomania with one major depressive episode

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16
Q

Hypomania

A

Energetic and optimistic but not severe enough to be mania

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17
Q

Cyclothymic disorer

A

Hypomanic episode and dysthymia

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18
Q

Monoamine/catecholamine theory of depression

A

Too much norepinephrine/serotonin— mania

Too little— depression

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19
Q

Generalized Anxiety disorder

A

Me

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20
Q

specific Phobias

A

Irrational fear of object or situation

21
Q

Social anxiety disorder

A

Anxiety due to social situation

22
Q

Agoraphobia

A

Fear of being in a place where it’s hard to escape

23
Q

Panic disorder

A

Repeated panic attacks: apprehension, trembling, sweating, hyperventilation, sense of unreality

24
Q

OCD

A

Characterized by obsession (persistent/ intrusive thoughts) and complusion (repetitive task)

25
Q

Body dysmorphic disorder

A

Unrealistic negative evaluation of his/her personal appearance, attractiveness

26
Q

PTSD

A

Traumatic event
Avoidance symptoms: avoid people, memories associated to trauma
Intrusion symptoms: reliving event
Negative cognition symptoms: inability to recall key features of even, distance from others, negative mood
Arousal symptoms: startled response, irritability, self destructive disorder

27
Q

Acute stress disorder

A

Short term PTSD

28
Q

Dissociative disorder

A

Person avoid stress by escaping identity

29
Q

Dissociative Amnesia

A

Can’t recall past
No brain damage
Just sudden fugue—leave home, assume new identity

30
Q

Dissociative Identity Disorder

A

2 or more personality that recurrently take control of person’s behaviour
With people who suffered physical and sexual abuse as children

31
Q

Depersonalization/ derealization disorder

A

Detached from own mind and body, fail to recognized yourself
Dreamlike
Does not display psychotic symptoms

32
Q

Somatic symptom disorder

A

Obsession with somatic symptoms that may or may not have medical condition

33
Q

Illnesss Anxiety Disorder

A

Thinking you have a serious medical condition when you don’t

34
Q

Conversion disorder

A

Unexplained symptom affecting voluntary motor/ sensory after traumatic event: going blind after seeing son died

35
Q

Personality disorder general

A

Pattern of behaviour that maladaptive/ inflexible. Person believe they’re completely right. 3 cluster

36
Q

Ego-syntonic

A

Person believe their behaviour is normal, nothing wrong with them- personality disorder
Everything else- ego dystonic

37
Q

Personality Disorder: Cluster A

A

Paranoid, schizotypal and schizoid personality disorder

38
Q

Paranoid personality disorder

A

Pervasive distrust in others. Suspicious of motive

Sometimes- prodromal phase of schizophrenia

39
Q

Schizotypal personality

A

Ideas of reference- same with delusion but less severe

Magical thinking- belief in clairvoyance

40
Q

Schizoid personality disorder

A

Restrictive range of emotional expression

Little desire for social interaction

41
Q

Personality disorder Cluster B

A

Antisocial, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic

42
Q

Antisocial personality disorder

A

Disregard for others’ rights. Serial killers— no remorse

43
Q

Borderline personality disorder

A

Instability of interpersonal behaviour, mood and self image. May use splitting— everyone is either good or bad. Self mutilation and suicide attempts are common

44
Q

Histrionic personality disorder

A

Constant attention seeking

45
Q

Narcissistic personality disorder

A

Grandiose sense of self importance

Have very fragile self esteem

46
Q

Personality Disorder Cluster C

A

Avoidant, Dependent and Obsessive Compulsive Personality

47
Q

Avoidant Personality

A

Extreme shyness and fear of rejection, see self as social social inept, but want to form social connection

48
Q

Dependent Personality disorder

A

Continuous need for reassurance

49
Q

Obsessive- compulsive personality disorder

A

Person is perfectionist and inflexible, like rules and order

Different from OCD

MCAT Psych (9 decks)

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