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My EPPP Flashcards > Social PSychology > Flashcards

Social PSychology Flashcards

1
Q

Schemata

influence on our impressions

A
  • Organized, mental networks of information that help us process and organize social information and scripts
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2
Q

Scripts

A
  • Provide knowledge about the appropriate sequence of behaviors in specific social situations
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3
Q

Central Traits

influence on our impressions

A
  • Provide unique info about a person & the social context (Rosenhan’s pseudo-patient study)
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4
Q

Fundamental Attribution Bias

A
  • Tendency to overestimate the role of dispositional (internal) factors when making attributions about the behaviors of others
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5
Q

Actor-Observer Effect/ Self-Serving Bias

A
  • Tendency to attribute our successes to dispositional factors and failures to situational factors
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6
Q

Heuristics

A
  • Mental shortcuts people use when making attributions & other social judgments
  • allows an individual to make a decision, pass judgment, or solve a problem quickly and with minimal mental effort
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7
Q

Representativeness Heuristic

A
  • Basing your judgement of a person, object or event on how similar person, object or event is to the typical case while ignoring probability (base rate) data
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8
Q

Availability Heuristic

A
  • Judging the likelihood or frequency of an event based on how easy it is to retrieve information about that event from LTM
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9
Q

Cognitive Errors & Biases

A
  • Base Rate Fallacy
  • Confirmation Bias
  • False Consensus Effect
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10
Q

Base Rate Fallacy

A
  • Rely on case-specific info & ignore/underuse probability data
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11
Q

Confirmation Bias

A
  • Tendency to pay attention to info that is consistent with one’s beliefs & ignore/invalidate info that is not
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12
Q

False Consensus Effect

A
  • Overestimating the extent to which attitudes or beliefs of others are similar to our own
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13
Q

Byrne’s Law of Attraction

A
  • Interactions w/pple who are similar are more rewarding & more likely to produce positive affect
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14
Q

Gain-Loss Effect

A
  • We are attracted to pple who initially evaluated us negatively but subsequently evaluate us positively
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15
Q

Barnum Effect

A
  • Tendency for pple to accept vague/general descriptions as accurate descriptions of themselves (fortune tellers use this, no?)
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16
Q

Schachter and Singer (1962)

  • Epinephrine Studies
  • Two-Factor Theory of Emotion
  • Self-perception Theory
A
  • Misinformed or clueless participants acted like the confederates
  • Hypothesized that if people experienced an emotion for which they had no explanation, they would then label these feelings using their feelings at the moment
17
Q

Social Comparison Theory

A
  • We evaluate our behaviors & attitudes by comparing them to those of other pple, most often those we believe are similar to us
18
Q

Self-Verification Theory

A
  • We generally prefer feedback about ourselves that is consistent with our self-concept
19
Q

Self-Efficacy

A
  • Level of self-monitoring
  • High self monitors are good at identifying what behaviors are expected of them & behave consistent to those expectations
20
Q

Locus of Control

A
  • Extent to which pple believe personal outcomes are controlled by:
  • Internal factors vs.
  • External factors
21
Q

Foot-in-the-door technique

A
  • First making a small request then when that request is accepted, making a larger request
22
Q

Door-in-the-face technique

A
  • First making a large request & when that is rejected, making a smaller request
23
Q

Psychological Reactance (Moscovici)

A
  • Occurs when a person acts in a way that is the opposite of what is requested (due to a loss of personal control)
24
Q

Bases of Social Power (French & Raven)

RELI (RELY w/an I)

A
  • Referent: R (liked & admired)
  • Expert: E (superior knowledge or expertise)
  • Legitimate: L (position or role)
  • Informational: I (share info & lose power)
25
Q

Elaboration Likelihood Model of Persuasion

A
  • Central route

- Peripheral route

26
Q

Central Route

A
  • Message is interesting or personally relevant to listener
27
Q

Peripheral Route

A
  • Message is uninteresting or uninvolved for listener
28
Q

Resistance to Persuasion

A
  • Inoculated against message

- Arguments against listener’s position w/ weak counterarguments

29
Q

Lewin’s Field Theory

A
  • Behavior is always a function of the person & his/her social & physical environment
30
Q

Four Intraindivdual Conflicts (Lewin & Miller)

A
  • Approach-Approach- 2 eq. attractive (easiest to decide)
  • Avoidance-Avoidance: 2 eq. unattractive
  • Approach-Avoidance: 1 has unattractive & attractive
  • Double Approach-Avoidance: 2 w/eq. pros & cons (Most difficult)
31
Q

Schachter-Singer Theory

aka Two-Factor theory of emotion

A

2 factors are needed to experience emotion:

  • 1st, environmental stimuli elicits a physiological response
  • 2nd, we cognitively appraise this physiological activity, & try to give it the correct label

My EPPP Flashcards (9 decks)

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