Social Psychology

Question 1

schemata

Answer 1

set up beliefs or expectations about something based on past experiences

allows us to make inferences about other people

Question 2

confirmation bias

Answer 2

you pay attention to things that support your schema

Question 3

*Solomon Asch

Answer 3

“impression engagement”

primary effect-tendency to remember information gained on first interaction

can cause a self fulfilling prophecy

Question 4

stereotypes

Answer 4

set of characteristics set to be shared by all or nearly all members of a group.

Question 5

pygmalian in the classroom

Answer 5

students tend to perform based on the teacher’s expectations

Question 6

attribution

Answer 6

explanation for the cause of behavior

Question 7

internal attribution

Answer 7

behavior is the result of personal characteristics and intentions

Question 8

external attribution

Answer 8

behavior is the result of environmental influences

Question 9

the fundamental attribution error

Answer 9

we have a tendency to attribute the behavior of others to causes within themselves

Question 10

defensive attributions

Answer 10

we are motivated to present ourselves and perceive ourselves in positive light

Question 11

self serving bias

Answer 11

personal failure is due to external forces

Question 12

just world bias

Answer 12

people get what they deserve

Question 13

attraction

Answer 13

drawn and influenced by another

Question 14

proximity

Answer 14

you are more familiar with people you are close to

Question 15

similarity

Answer 15

attitudes, interests, politics

complementary traits are not opposites

Question 16

exchange

Answer 16

we are attached to people who make us feel rewarded

mutual

Question 17

intimacy

Answer 17

quality of genuine closeness and trust achieved by reciprocal self closure

Question 18

attitudes

Answer 18

consistent predisposition to respond in a favorable or unfavorable way

Question 19

attitude: cognitive component

Answer 19

ideas may not be true but the person must believe they are

Question 20

attitude: affective component

Answer 20

emotions or feelings about beliefs. not rational

Question 21

attitude: behavioral component

Answer 21

inclination to act a certain way.

Question 22

self monitoring

Answer 22

to stay socially acceptable we will override our attitudes to behave in accordance with the expectations of others

Question 23

reciprocity

Answer 23

give when you receive

Question 24

scarcity

Answer 24

people want more of things there are less of

Question 25

authority

Answer 25

people will follow credible knowledgable experts

Question 26

consistecy

Answer 26

looking for and asking for commitments that can be made

Question 27

liking

Answer 27

people prefer to say yes to those they like

Question 28

consensus

Answer 28

people will look to the actions of others to determine their own

Question 29

** Cognitive Dissonance

Answer 29

situation involving conflicting attitudes, beliefs, or behaviors.

Question 30

negative attitudes

Answer 30

prejudice- unfair view of a group

discrimination- unfair act or series of acts directed against an entire group

institutional racism- discrimination by people who holds positions of power in the institutions of society (death row, college admissions)

Question 31

how to fight racism

Answer 31

categorize- expand definitions to include more people

controlled prophecy- attempt to see strength and weaknesses of individuals and groups

Question 32

conformity

Answer 32

changing response to match the will or perceived will of others

Question 33

compliance

Answer 33

change your behavior in response to a specific request

Question 34

risky shift

Answer 34

groups propose more risky solution

Question 35

group think

Answer 35

occurs when a group makes faulty decisions because group pressures lead to a deterioration of mental efficiency.