Motivation And Emotion Flashcards
Biological motives
Hunger, thirst, sex
Stimulus motives
Exploration, curiosity, manipulation, contact
Learned motives
Aggression, achievement, affiliation, power
Motive:
Inner arousal that directs behavior towards a goal
Instinct:
Specific, inborn behaviors
Flexible
Learned through experience
Drive reduction theory
Motivated behavior in attempt to reduce tension in the body to return it to homeostasis
Incentives:
External stimulus that prompts goal directed behavior
Primary drives
Physiologically based and unlearned behavior
Lateral hypothalamus
2 regions regulated to hunger:
Hunger center: stimulates eating, monitors blood glucose and lepton levels
Safety center (ventromedial hypothalamus): tells you to stop eating, after 30 mins your body knows how many calories are in your stomach
Leptin
Hormone produced by fat cells
Low levels make you hungry
Fat gene
Ob
Set point
Homeostatic mechanism in body regulates metabolism, fat storage, and food intake to maintain weight
Metabolism adjusts to maintain set point
Anorexia
Intense fear of becoming fat
Disturbance of body image
Refusal to maintain weight above minimum for age and height
Family characteristics of anorexia
Low self esteem
Disturbed family relationships
High value based on appearance
High achievers
Physical effects of anorexia
Hair loss
Ovulation stops
Damage to heart and vital organs
Osteoporosis
Bulimia
Binge eating then releasing food to stop gaining weight
Causes ruptures in stomach lining, irregular heart beat, kidney damage, damage to tooth enamel
Sex
Primary drive that is vital to the survival of species
Masters and Johnson
A.) excitement
B.) plateau
C.) orgasm
D.) resolution
Biological factors related to sex drive
Hormones
Lower testosterone=lower sex drive
Castrated men still have a sex drive
Limbic system
Sexual orientation
Genetic: Know at an early age Longer corpus callosum Family trait Moms testosterone levels elevated during pregnancy
Motivation for contact:
Harry Harlow and kangaroo care
Sets body temp, Lowers blood pressure, decreases pain responses
Aggression:
Behavior that is intended to inflict physical harm
Individualist societies
Teach you to be an individual and seek individual recognition
Work orientation
The desire to work hard to do a good job
Mastery
The preference for difficult or challenging feats with the desire to improve upon past experiences
Competitiveness
The enjoyment of putting your skills up against another
Maslow
Humanist- sees the positive in humans and human potential
Believed that people of more than responding to drives
Self actualization is self initiated striving to become whatever we are capable of
Yerke’s Dodson law
More complex the task, lower the level of emotional arousal can be tolerated before it interferes with performance
James Lange theory of emotion
Emotions arise from physiological changes
Cannon Bard theory
The processing of emotions and bodily responses occur simultaneously
Cognitive theory of emotions
Emotions are tied into how you think
Schacter’s two factor theory
Emotions have physical and cognitive components
The experience of emotion grows out of awareness of our body’s arousal, but because if physiological similarities it takes conscious interpretation of arousal to experience the emotion
Lessons of Scrooge
Those who value intimacy, personal growth, contribute to community
