Social Psychology

Question 1

Which researcher proposed three different levels of conformity?

Answer 1

Kelman.

Question 2

Which researcher investigated informational social influence in an ambiguous situation?

Answer 2

Sherif.

Question 3

Which researcher investigated informational social influence in an UNambiguous situation?

What percentage of participants conformed at least once?

Answer 3

Asch.

75%

Question 4

Who investigated identification to social groups?

Answer 4

Zimbardo.

Question 5

Who investigated internalisation (2)?

Answer 5

1. Moscovici.

2. Clark.

Question 6

Who stated that terrorism can be a form of social change?

Answer 6

Kruglanski.

Question 7

Who proposed the ideas of normative and informational social influence under the dual-process dependency model?

Answer 7

Deutsch and Gerard.

Question 8

Who proposed the ideas of referential social influence?

Answer 8

Hogg.

Question 9

Who found that those who based their decisions on general moral principles were more defiant in Milgram’s study?

Answer 9

Kohlberg.

Question 10

Who found little conformity when an issue had moral significance?

Answer 10

Hornsey.

Question 11

Who investigated legitimate authority?

Answer 11

Hofling.

Question 12

Who investigated graduated commitment?

Answer 12

Smith and Mackie.

Question 13

Who investigated the authoritarian personality?

Answer 13

Adorno.

Question 14

Who investigated the effect of gender on obedience?

Answer 14

Sheridan and King.

Question 15

Who investigated the power of uniform?

Answer 15

Bickman.

Question 16

Who theorised the idea of the agentic shift?

Answer 16

Milgram.

Question 17

What is legitimate authority?

Answer 17

The amount of social power held by the individual who gives an instruction.

Question 18

What does the agentic shift refer to?

Answer 18

When the authority figure takes responsibility.

Question 19

What did research about the authoritarian personality reveal?

Answer 19

People brought up in harsh conditions were more likely to become obedient.

Question 20

When was obedience the highest in the electric shock generator experiment?

Answer 20

When the setting of the experiment was prestigious.

When the teacher could not see the learner.

Question 21

What are the main ethical issues about research into obedience?

Answer 21

Lack of informed consent.

Stressful conditions.

Question 22

What does ‘independent behaviour’ refer to?

Answer 22

When an individual sees the norms and is not affected by them.

Question 23

What does ‘counter-conformity’ refer to?

Answer 23

When an individual purposefully does the opposite of the norm.

Question 24

Which study investigated the factors that lead to rebellion?

Answer 24

Gamson.

Question 25

What were the three main reasons for disobedience, identified by Smith and Mackie?

Answer 25

1. The importance of a group (allies).
2. Reactance.
3. Systematic processing.

Question 26

Which researcher theorised about the locus of control?

Answer 26

Rotter.

Question 27

Who conducted a meta-analysis between locus of control and conformity rates?

Answer 27

Avtgis.

Question 28

Who found that consistency is the most important factor in deciding whether the minority are influential or not?

Answer 28

Moscovici.

Question 29

What does the ‘snowball effect’ refer to?

Answer 29

More and more people adopt minority position, until minority becomes majority.