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Edexcel A Level Psychology > Social Psychology > Flashcards

Social Psychology Flashcards

1
Q

SIT

What is self-concept ?

A

Sense of who we are

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2
Q

SIT

What is Social Identity Theory (SIT) ?

A
  • Humans have a strong desire to ‘belong’
  • Our self-esteem comes from group membership and acceptance of others
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3
Q

SIT

What is social behaviour driven by ?

A

Maintaining a positive self to be a valued member of the ‘ingroup’

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4
Q

SIT

Ingroup ?

A

Who we see ourselves belonging to

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5
Q

SIT

Outgroup ?

A

Anyone who is not part of the ingroup

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6
Q

SIT

What is Social Categorisation?

A

Separation of individuals into the 2 groups (ingroup and outgroup)

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7
Q

SIT

What do Tafjel + Turner argue that of Social Categorisation ?

A

It’s a basic characteristic of human thought and we have little control over it

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8
Q

SIT

What is Social Identification ?

A
  • Individuals adopting beliefs, values + attitudes of groups they ‘belong’ in.
  • Shifts persons thinking and self - concept as a new social identity is formed
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9
Q

SIT

What can follow the change of Social Identity ?

A

Social Comparison

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10
Q

SIT

What is Social Comparison ?

A
  • Boosting their self-esteem by making comparisons between ingroup and outgroup
  • Differences are emphasised and similarities are minimised
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11
Q

SIT

What is ‘Quest for Positive Distinctiveness’ ?

A

Motivation to perceive our ingroup in a positive light for own self-esteem

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12
Q

SIT

What does Social Comparison lead to ?

A
  • Discrimination between ingroup and outgroup
  • Thinking and treating differently
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13
Q

RCT

What is intergroup competition ?

A
  • When 2 or more groups strive for the same goal
  • Prejudice and hostility intensifies
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14
Q

RCT

What is Negative Interdependance ?

A
  • When 2 group strike the same goal but only one group can achieve it
  • ‘Negative’ - each group will obstruct the other from achieivng it
  • ‘Interdependant’ - how one groups win will mean anothers loss.
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15
Q

RCT

What happens during Negative Interdependance ?

A
  • Intergroup relations will detriorate
  • Opposing groups will be hostile whereas ingroup will be cooperative
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16
Q

RCT

What is Limited Resources ?

A
  • Competition for resources such as food, territory
  • These situations lead to prejudice
  • If there is a compromise, pejudice and discrimination lower
17
Q

RCT

What are Superoordinate Goals ?

A
  • Goals which can only be achieved through intergroup cooperation
  • Reduces prejudice, leads to favourable perceptions of the opposing group
18
Q

Factors affecting prejudice

What are individual differences ?

A
  • Individual charactersitics effect our behaviour rather than situational theories suggested by RCT and SIT

Characteristics:
- Personality type
- Culture
- Gender

19
Q

Factors affecting prejudice

Definition of personality ?

A

Combination of characteristics and traits that form an individuals distintive character.

20
Q

Factors affecting prejudice

Definition of culture ?

A

A way of life of particular groups of people
- Social norms
- Customs
- Beliefs

21
Q

Theory of Obedience

Source

A

Giving the order

22
Q

Theory of Obedience

Target

A

Receiving the order

23
Q

Theory of Obedience

Strength

A

The amount of authority the source has over the target

24
Q

Theory of Obedience

Number

A

Number of sources impacting the target

25
Q

Theory of Obedience

Immediacy

A

The closeness (Time and distance) of the source to the target

26
Q

Theory of Obedience

Multiplicative Effect

A

Increasing the strength, immediacy and number of source it icreases the impact on the target hugely

27
Q

Theory of Obedience

Divisional Effect

A

If there are more targets than sources, strength of the source is divinded by the target

28
Q

Theory of Obedience

Autoomous State

A

Someone who acts on their pwn principles and takes responsibility for their own actions

29
Q

Theory of Obedience

Moral Strain

A

When an authority figure demands an order which goes against our conscious
2 Contradictions:
- Obey the authority figure (society expectations)
- Obey our conscious (true to self, ‘good person’)

30
Q

Theory of Obedience

Agentic Shift

A

Changing from autonomous state to agentic state

31
Q

Theory of Obedience

Agentic State

A

Person acting on behalf of someone else, follows their orders so they dont feel resposibile for their actions.
(like an agent)

Edexcel A Level Psychology (4 decks)

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